Inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia in Iranian adults-results from SARIR study

Asoudeh, Farzaneh; Dashti, Fatemeh; Raeesi, Shima; Heshmat, Ramin; Bidkhori, Mohammad; Jalilian, Zahra; Hashemi, Rezvan

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-09139-3

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Cognitive impairment may result in reduced physical activity [ 33 , 34 , 35 ], leading to loss of muscle mass. Additionally, several causes of the relationship between a decline in cognitive function and muscle strength and mass have been reported such as inflammation [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], oxidative stress [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], and myokines [ 42 ]. Another explanation is that neuronal degeneration causes a lack of cognitive capacity [ 43 ], and it may also physically decrease muscle strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetrical Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Lower Cognitive Performance in the Elderly

Choi

Lee

Min

et al. 2022

JCM

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(1) Background: Several studies have reported that handgrip strength (HGS) may be a sign of lower cognitive performance. However, studies supporting an association between asymmetrical HGS and cognitive function are lacking. This study aimed to determine the association between asymmetrical HGS and cognitive performance among the elderly. (2) Methods: The study sample included 2729 individuals aged ≥60 years-old who participated in the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The cognitive tests consisted of the word learning and recall modules from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD), Animal Fluency Test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). HGS was measured using a handgrip dynamometer, and asymmetrical HGS was used to calculate HGS. (3) Results: Of the 2729 participants, 53.0% were aged 60 to 69 years-old, and 47.0% were aged 70 years and older. All cognitive performance scores were significantly correlated with asymmetrical HGS in both age groups. After adjusting for confounders, there was a significant association between DSST and HGS asymmetry in both age groups. Contrastingly, a significant association was only observed for the relationship between the CERAD test and HGS asymmetry in the ≥70 year-old group. (4) Conclusions: We found that low cognitive function was associated with asymmetrical HGS in elderly participants in the United States. Thus, asymmetrical HGS may be an important predictor of cognitive deficits. However, further research is required to confirm our results and to establish possible mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetrical Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Lower Cognitive Performance in the Elderly

Choi

Lee

Min

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Bano et al [ 8 ] reported that participants with sarcopenia had significantly higher levels of CRP than the controls, while the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were insignificantly different. Moreover, Asoudeh et al [ 18 ] found that the levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α were not significantly different between participants with and without low muscle masses as well as those with and without abnormal gait speed tests. However, circulating CRP was elevated among those with a low HGS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar study observed an association between sarcopenia with CRP, ESR, and adiponectin [ 21 ]. By contrast, Asoudeh and her colleagues reported no correlations between IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP with sarcopenia [ 18 ]. Furthermore, Dupont et al [ 22 ] reported that baseline levels of inflammatory markers such as CRP, white blood cell count, and albumin did not predict sarcopenia in elderly men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size was obtained from previous examples in the literature, comparing inflammatory cytokines among Iranian adults with and without sarcopenia and noting increased CRP levels among cases with an effect size of 0.92 [ 18 ]. The calculation was performed using G*Power ((G*Power 3.1.9.4, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany) where α = 0.05 and power = 0.9; the estimated sample size was N = 22 per group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic Value of Inflammatory Markers in Elderly Arab Women with Sarcopenia

et al. 2022

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Several studies have found a correlation between inflammatory markers and sarcopenia; however, limited research has been conducted on the Arabic population. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the value of inflammatory parameters in Saudi elderly women with sarcopenia. In this cross-sectional study, 76 elderly Saudi women (>65 years) were stratified according to the presence (n = 26) or absence (n = 50) of sarcopenia, using the operational definition of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Demographics and clinical data were collected. Muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were assessed using bioelectrical impedance, hand grip and timed-up-and-go (TUG) tests, respectively. Inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed using commercially available assays. Muscle mass and strength indicators were lower in the sarcopenia group (p-value < 0.05). Moreover, interleukin 6 (IL-6) was positively correlated with TUG (r = 0.48, p-value < 0.05), while CRP showed an inverse correlation with the right leg muscle (R-Leg-M) and a positive correlation with triceps skinfold (TSF) (r = −0.41, r = 0.42, respectively, p-values < 0.05). Additionally, TSF and R-Leg-M were independent predictors of CRP variation (R2 = 0.35; p < 0.01). Lastly, participants with a TNF-α > 71.2 were five times more likely to have sarcopenia [(OR = 5.85), 95% CI: 1.07–32.08; p = 0.04]. In conclusion, elevated levels of TNF-α are significantly associated with the risk of sarcopenia, while variations perceived in circulating CRP can be explained by changes in the muscle mass indices only among individuals with sarcopenia. The present findings, while promising, need further investigations on a larger scale to determine whether inflammatory markers hold any diagnostic value in assessing sarcopenia among elderly Arab women.

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“…Ιt has been reported that high levels of CRP can lead to a decrease in the size of muscle cells and downregulate protein kinase B (Akt), which is theoretically related to dysregulation of muscle cells [ 36 , 63 ]. Several studies have shown that increasing levels of inflammatory markers, including CRP, in older adults are associated with increased muscle loss and sarcopenia [ 37 ]. Also, high levels of CRP have been reported to be inversely correlated to muscle strength [ 36 , 38 ].…”

Section: Biomarkers With Increased Concentration In Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and Nutrition-Related Biomarkers as Prognostic Factors of Sarcopenia, and Their Role in Disease Progression

et al. 2022

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Due to the multifactorial pathogenesis of sarcopenia, it is crucial to identify biomarkers that are risk factors for sarcopenia, and which therefore have a prognostic function. Aim: This narrative review aims to define a set of biomarkers associated with nutrition and sarcopenia. These biomarkers could contribute to individualized monitoring and enable preventive and therapeutic methods. Methods: Two electronic databases, PubMed and Google Scholar, were used. The search strategy was based on a controlled vocabulary (MeSH) and includes studies published up to February 2022. Discussion: Higher levels of serum uric acid are associated with higher handgrip strength and better muscle function in elderly people and, thus, may slow the progression of sarcopenia. Leptin, an adipokine secreted by adipose tissue, promotes the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn lead to sarcopenia. This makes leptin a significant indirect biomarker for physical disability and sarcopenic obesity. Additionally, creatinine is a reliable biomarker for muscle mass status because of its easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Vitamin D status acts as a useful biomarker for predicting total mortality, hip fractures, early death, and the development of sarcopenia. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in dietary antioxidants and their effects on age-related losses of muscle mass and function. On the other hand, 3-Methylhistidine is a valuable biomarker for detecting increased muscle catabolism, as it is excreted through urine during muscle degradation. In addition, IGF-1, whose concentration in plasma is stimulated by food intake, is associated with the loss of skeletal muscle mass, which probably plays a crucial role in the progression of sarcopenia. Conclusions: Many nutritional biomarkers were found to be associated with sarcopenia, and can therefore be used as prognostic indexes and risk factors. Nutrition plays an important role in the prevention and management of sarcopenia, affecting muscle mass, strength, and function in elderly people.

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Inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia in Iranian adults-results from SARIR study

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Asymmetrical Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Lower Cognitive Performance in the Elderly

Asymmetrical Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Lower Cognitive Performance in the Elderly

Diagnostic Value of Inflammatory Markers in Elderly Arab Women with Sarcopenia

Nutritional and Nutrition-Related Biomarkers as Prognostic Factors of Sarcopenia, and Their Role in Disease Progression

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