Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathophysiology and Current Therapeutic Approaches

Abraham, Bincy; Ahmed, Tasneem; Ali, Tauseef

doi:10.1007/164_2016_122

Cited by 90 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…In a recent meta-analysis, steroid use, low albumin level, preoperative surgical history, and preoperative abscess were retained as risk factors for adverse surgical outcome [56]. Besides steroids and thiopurines, biologics such as anti-TNF provide new treatment options for disease control [57]. However, the influence of these drugs on postoperative outcome is matter of debate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning of Crohn’s Patients—Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Practice

Grass¹,

Pache²,

Martín³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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Crohn’s disease is an incurable and frequently progressive entity with major impact on affected patients. Up to half of patients require surgery in the first 10 years after diagnosis and over 75% of operated patients require at least one further surgery within lifetime. In order to minimize surgical risk, modifiable risk factors such as nutritional status need to be optimized. This systematic review on preoperative nutritional support in adult Crohn’s patients between 1997 and 2017 aimed to provide an overview on target populations, screening modalities, routes of administration, and expected benefits. Pertinent study characteristics (prospective vs. retrospective, sample size, control group, limitations) were defined a priori. Twenty-nine studies were retained, of which 14 original studies (9 retrospective, 4 prospective, and 1 randomized controlled trial) and 15 reviews. Study heterogeneity was high regarding nutritional regimens and outcome, and meta-analysis could not be performed. Most studies were conducted without matched control group and thus provide modest level of evidence. Consistently, malnutrition was found to be a major risk factor for postoperative complications, and both enteral and parenteral routes were efficient in decreasing postoperative morbidity. Current guidelines for nutrition in general surgery apply also to Crohn’s patients. The route of administration should be chosen according to disease presentation and patients’ condition. Further studies are needed to strengthen the evidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning of Crohn’s Patients—Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Practice

Grass¹,

Pache²,

Martín³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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show abstract

“…The mechanism of action of 5-Amino salicylates includes the stimulation of class of nuclear receptors which mainly include cell proliferation and inflammation. It helps in decreasing the production of chemoattractant leukotriene and slows down the cellular release of interleukin-1 and 2 [24]. 5-ASA Common side effect like flatulence, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, dyspepsia, nasopharyngitis [25], [26].…”

Section: Aminosalicylatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Nanocarriers and Probiotics in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Singh¹,

Kaur²,

Kaur³

et al. 2019

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory chronic disease primarily affecting the colonic mucosa; the extent and severity of colon involvement are variable. In its most limited form, it may be restricted to the distal rectum, while in its most extended form the entire colon is involved. Ulcerative colitis is identified by mucus diarrhea, tenesmus, bowel distension, and anemia. 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs, steroids, and immunosuppressant are used for therapy of ulcerative colitis. The annual occurrence of disease in Asia, America, and Europe was estimated to be 6.3, 19.2 and 24.3 per 100,000 people-years. The main challenges in the management of the diseaseare drug-related side-effects and local targeting. To overcome these challenges probiotics and micro and Nano particulate system auspicious approaches to overcome drug-related adverse side effect and local targeting. Upon ingestion, the probiotics can result in health beneficial effects. Probiotics are mainly used as gut modulators but are also now days explored for their use in ulcerative colitis. Micro and Nano particulate drug delivery system have been achieving huge importance for targeting of the drug to colon locally at a controlled and sustained rate. The main objective of this article is to explore probiotics and micro and nano particulate approaches for the suitable targeting and overcome the drug-associated side effect. Keywords: Inflammatory chronic disease, probiotics, micro and Nano particulate.

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“…Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry therapeutic goals are to achieve clinical remission and improve quality of life [38]. Although environmental factors provide an enormous contribution to the development of IBD, the pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, thereby limiting the discovery of effective therapeutic targets for IBD.…”

Section: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Histone Acetyltransferase Mof Affects the Progression of DSS-Induced Colitis

Yang

Guan

Shaikh

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Histone acetylation has been demonstrated to be associated with inflammation response. Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) Mof, specifically acetylating lysine 16 of histone H4 (H4K16), has been reported to regulate T cell differentiation. In addition, it has been suggested that acetylation of H4K16 is associated with the inflammatory response. We evaluated the role and potential mechanism of Mof in the development of experimental colitis. Methods: We used Mof conditional knockout mice to study the role of Mof in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and detected the differential expression of genes due to Mof deficiency involved in the inflammatory response, particularly the Th17 signaling pathway, by western blotting, quantitative PCR and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Results: A significant elevation of Mof was observed in colonic tissues of mice with DSS-induced colitis. Mof deficiency alleviated the severity of DSS- induced colitis in mice. We found that Th17 signaling pathway associated genes, including Il17a, Il22, RORγt, RORα, Stat3, TGF-β 1, and Il6, were downregulated in colon tissues with Mof deficiency. RNA-seq data analysis suggested that 68 genes were related to inflammatory response processing and 47 genes were downregulated in Mof defective colon tissues. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that HAT Mof is involved in the development of colitis, and the lack of Mof ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice.

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathophysiology and Current Therapeutic Approaches

Cited by 90 publications

References 104 publications

Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning of Crohn’s Patients—Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Practice

Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning of Crohn’s Patients—Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Practice

Importance of Nanocarriers and Probiotics in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Histone Acetyltransferase Mof Affects the Progression of DSS-Induced Colitis

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