Inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease: Overlaps and differences

Pascual, Virginia; Dieli-Crimi, Romina; López-Palacios, Natalia; Bodas, Andrés; Medrano, Luz María; Núñez, Concepción

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i17.4846

Cited by 82 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Nevertheless, data concerning ROS status and antioxidant defense in children patients with UC, CrD, and CD are scarce 115 . The study of Stojiljković et al showed increased SOD activity, whereas GPx and GR activities and GSH content were significantly reduced in children with celiac disease 116 .…”

Section: Ros and Antioxidants In Intestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in human gastrointestinal diseases

Patlevič

Vašková

Švorc

et al. 2016

Integrative Medicine Research

187

144

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Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, known together as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), and celiac disease are the most common disorders affecting not only adults but also children. Both IBDs and celiac disease are associated with oxidative stress, which may play a significant role in their etiologies. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radicals (O2•—), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and singlet oxygen (1O2) are responsible for cell death via oxidation of DNA, proteins, lipids, and almost any other cellular constituent. To protect biological systems from free radical toxicity, several cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms exist to regulate the production of ROS, including enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways. Superoxide dismutase catalyzes the dismutation of O2•— to H2O2 and oxygen. The glutathione redox cycle involves two enzymes: glutathione peroxidase, which uses glutathione to reduce organic peroxides and H2O2; and glutathione reductase, which reduces the oxidized form of glutathione with concomitant oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. In addition to this cycle, GSH can react directly with free radicals. Studies into the effects of free radicals and antioxidant status in patients with IBDs and celiac disease are scarce, especially in pediatric patients. It is therefore very necessary to conduct additional research studies to confirm previous data about ROS status and antioxidant activities in patients with IBDs and celiac disease, especially in children.

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Section: Ros and Antioxidants In Intestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in human gastrointestinal diseases

Patlevič

Vašková

Švorc

et al. 2016

Integrative Medicine Research

187

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…UC is characterized by continuous, diffuse, and superficial inflammation of the colon . Bloody, mucous diarrhea is the almost universal hallmark of UC . CD is a chronic inflammatory disease that may affect different regions of the digestive tract, from mouth to the anus, although it most commonly affects the colon and terminal ileum .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The human gastrointestinal tract and oral microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: a state of the science review

López

Grande

Galvez

et al. 2016

APMIS

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a spectrum of diseases from ulcerative colitis (UC) to Crohn's disease (CD). Many studies have addressed the changes in the microbiota of individuals affected by UC and CD. A decrease in biodiversity and depletion of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes has been reported, among others. Changes in microbial composition also result in changes in the metabolites generated in the gut from microbial activity that may involve the amount of butyrate and other metabolites such as H S being produced. Other factors such as diet, age, or medication need to be taken into consideration when studying dysbiosis associated with IBD. Diverse bacterial species have been associated specifically or non-specifically to IBD, but none of them have been demonstrated to be its ethiological agent. Recent studies also suggest that micro-eukaryotic populations may also be altered in IBD patients. Last, but not least, viruses, and specially bacteriophages, can play a role in controlling microbial populations in the gastrointestinal tract. This may affect both bacterial diversity and metabolism, but possible implications for IBD still remain to be solved. Dysbiosis in the oral microbiome associated with IBD remains an emerging field for future research.

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“…The incidence of differential diagnoses in regards to CD in Swedish children should be considered in this context. For example, although IBD and CD can produce similar clinical symptoms such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain, IBD has a lower prevalence than CD 179 . Duodenal alterations are sometimes found in IBD and are more common in children 180 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Intestinal Mucosa Pathology in Celiac Disease

Bragde

2019

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic small intestinal immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten. The only currently available treatment is complying with a lifelong gluten-free diet, which should not be commenced before a CD diagnosis has been established by diagnostic test results (including histopathologic assessment of small intestinal biopsies and CD-specific antibody levels). This makes diagnostic swiftness and accuracy important. In cases with low CD-specific antibody levels and/or low-grade intestinal injuries the diagnosis can be difficult to establish. The main objective of this thesis was to complement and improve CD diagnostics by identifying and implementing new biomarkers, mainly based on gene expression, in small intestinal biopsies and blood. In paper I, genes were selected to reflect villous height, crypt elongation, immune response, and epithelial integrity. The results showed that a subset of those genes could discriminate active CD mucosa from mucosa without CD-related changes and grade the intestinal injury. In paper III, an unbiased investigation of gene expression in CD mucosa was performed using transcriptome analysis. Active CD and non-CD mucosa showed differential expression in a subset of genes, and some were differentially expressed in CD mucosa before histopathologic assessment could confirm intestinal alterations compatible with a CD diagnosis. Gene set analysis revealed that there are many biological processes affected in CD mucosa, including those associated with immune response, microbial infection, phagocytosis, intestinal barrier function, metabolism, and transportation. In parallel, gene expression was investigated in stabilised whole blood. Blood is a more accessible sampling material than intestinal biopsies, and stabilised blood is suitable for routine diagnostics since transcript levels are preserved at sampling. In paper II, expressions from a selection of genes were quantified in stabilised whole blood (RNA) and/or plasma (protein). Three genes with differential expression in CD were identified. Compared to the CD-specific autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-TG2) alone, the addition of the information from the new potential markers resulted in a non-significant contribution to the diagnostic capacity of anti-TG2. An unbiased investigation using transcriptome analysis (paper IV) showed that gene level expression differences in stabilised whole blood were small between CD and non-CD. However, expression differences on a gene set level could potentially be used in CD diagnostics. CD-associated biological processes suggested UBD ubiquitin D ULN upper limit of normal ZFR zinc finger RNA binding protein Contents ix Contents Introduction .

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Inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease: Overlaps and differences

Cited by 82 publications

References 81 publications

Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in human gastrointestinal diseases

Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in human gastrointestinal diseases

The human gastrointestinal tract and oral microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: a state of the science review

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Intestinal Mucosa Pathology in Celiac Disease

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