Inflammatory and growth factor response to continuous and intermittent exercise in youth with cystic fibrosis

Nguyen, Thanh Hung; Obeid, Joyce; Ploeger, Hilde E.; Takken, Tim; Pedder, Linda; Timmons, Brian W.

doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2011.10.001

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Overall, these data suggest that children may be more prone to free radical generation and as such more sensitive to changes in their redox status in response to exercise despite a smaller skeletal muscle damage and neutrophil mobilization. This response may partly be explained by increases of growth hormone following acute exercise [62,63,64] which seems to be implicated in neutrophil mobilization since in vitro studies have identified its receptors on these immune cells [65]. One may argue that growth hormone increase following exercise is higher in adults in absolute terms, however children experience a greater relative growth hormone rise from its resting values [45], probably as a part of the overall anabolic mechanism supporting their growth and development [61].…”

Section: Responses To Acute Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in the Pediatric Population

et al. 2017

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Adults demonstrate an upregulation of their pro- and anti-oxidant mechanisms in response to acute exercise while systematic exercise training enhances their antioxidant capacity, thereby leading to a reduced generation of free radicals both at rest and in response to exercise stress. However, less information exists regarding oxidative stress responses and the underlying mechanisms in the pediatric population. Evidence suggests that exercise-induced redox perturbations may be valuable in order to monitor exercise-induced inflammatory responses and as such training overload in children and adolescents as well as monitor optimal growth and development. The purpose of this review was to provide an update on oxidative stress responses to acute and chronic exercise in youth. It has been documented that acute exercise induces age-specific transient alterations in both oxidant and antioxidant markers in children and adolescents. However, these responses seem to be affected by factors such as training phase, training load, fitness level, mode of exercise etc. In relation to chronic adaptation, the role of training on oxidative stress adaptation has not been adequately investigated. The two studies performed so far indicate that children and adolescents exhibit positive adaptations of their antioxidant system, as adults do. More studies are needed in order to shed light on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses, following acute exercise and training adaptations in youth. Available evidence suggests that small amounts of oxidative stress may be necessary for growth whereas the transition to adolescence from childhood may promote maturation of pro- and anti-oxidant mechanisms. Available evidence also suggests that obesity may negatively affect basal and exercise-related antioxidant responses in the peripubertal period during pre- and early-puberty.

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Section: Responses To Acute Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in the Pediatric Population

et al. 2017

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“…However, in people with CF, this type of exercise training is burdensome, adding to the already high daily treatment burden, and may not be the most appropriate option due to several factors, including a ‘lack of time’ [ 25 ] and intolerable symptoms of breathlessness and muscle fatigue experienced during continuous exercise [ 26 ]. Furthermore, oxygen desaturation is more likely during moderate intensity continuous exercise [ 27 ], and this type of training may augment inflammation in this population compared to interval training [ 28 ]. An alternative training approach, such as low-volume high intensity interval training (HIIT), may be a more achievable and efficient method to optimise exercise capacity in this population [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high intensity interval training on exercise capacity in people with cystic fibrosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Sawyer

Cavalheri

Jenkins

et al. 2018

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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BackgroundIn people with cystic fibrosis (CF), higher exercise capacity is associated with better health-related quality of life (HRQoL), reduced risk of hospitalisation for a respiratory infection and survival. Therefore, optimisation of exercise capacity is an important treatment goal. The Australian and New Zealand clinical practice guidelines recommend that people with CF complete 30 to 60 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on most days of the week. This recommendation can be difficult to achieve by people with CF because of time constraints, and intolerable breathlessness and muscle fatigue during continuous exercise. In contrast, a low-volume, high intensity interval training (HIIT) program may be a more achievable and efficient training method to improve exercise capacity in people with CF.MethodsA randomised controlled trial will be undertaken. Forty people with CF (aged ≥15 years) will be randomly allocated, on a 1:1 ratio, to either the experimental or control group. Regardless of their group allocation, all participants will be asked to continue with their usual daily treatment for the study duration. Those in the experimental group will complete 8 weeks of thrice weekly HIIT on a cycle ergometer. Those in the control group will receive weekly contact with the investigators. The primary outcome of this study is exercise capacity. Secondary outcomes are HRQoL, exercise self-efficacy, feelings of anxiety, depression and enjoyment. These outcomes will be recorded at baseline (i.e. prior to randomisation) and following the 8-week intervention period. The study will also report other outcomes of the HIIT program (cardiovascular responses, symptom response, post-exercise muscle soreness and tolerance) and behaviour change techniques such as reinforcement, feedback and goal setting, used during the HIIT program.DiscussionThis study will determine the effects of 8-weeks of supervised, low-volume HIIT, completed on a cycle ergometer on measures of exercise capacity, HRQoL, exercise self-efficacy, feelings of anxiety, depression and enjoyment. If effective, this type of training could be an attractive alternative to traditional continuous training because it may be more achievable and time efficient.Trial registrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR):12617001271392 (04/09/2017).

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“…Very few studies have considered the impact of duration and mode (continuous vs. intermittent) of exercise on immune function [8,25,26,40,41]. Hence, we focused in this study on surrogate outcomes as markers of inflammation and skeletal muscle recovery (i. e., leukocytes, IL-6, IL-10) after a single bout of maximal exercise, with different models (short-term high-intensity exercise and long-term high-intensity exercise) and their responses during a 24 h recovery period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Hematological and Inflammatory Responses to High-intensity Exercise Tests: Impact of Duration and Mode of Exercise

et al. 2017

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the hematological and inflammatory responses to 4 maximal high-intensity protocols, considering energy expenditure in each test. 9 healthy volunteers performed 4 high-intensity exercise tests of short [Wingate (WANT); Repeated-sprints (RSA)] and long durations [Continuous VO test (VCONT); intermittent VO test (VINT)] in a cycle-ergometer, until exhaustion. Hematological parameters and IL-6, IL-10 and creatine kinase (CK) levels were determined before (PRE), POST, 30 min, 1, 2, 12 and 24 h after the end of the protocols. Additionally, energy expenditure was determined. Leucocytes, erythrocytes and lymphocytes increased at POST and returned to PRE values at 30 min for all protocols. Lymphocytes had a second decreased at 2 h and granulocytes increased at 2 h when compared to PRE. Both variables returned to PRE values between 12-24 h into recovery. The magnitude of response for IL-6 was greater in VINT and for IL-10 in VCONT. There was no association of energy expenditure within each exercise protocol with the pattern of IL-6, IL-10 and CK responses to the exercise protocols. The present finding support that similar responses after continuous or intermittent acute protocols are observed when exercises are performed to volitional failure, regardless of the duration and mode of exercise.

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Inflammatory and growth factor response to continuous and intermittent exercise in youth with cystic fibrosis

Abstract: HIIE was a sufficient stimulus to increase GH in children with CF, without affecting systemic inflammation.

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in the Pediatric Population

Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in the Pediatric Population

Effects of high intensity interval training on exercise capacity in people with cystic fibrosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Acute Hematological and Inflammatory Responses to High-intensity Exercise Tests: Impact of Duration and Mode of Exercise

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