Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

Esser, Nathalie; Legrand-Poels, Sylvie; Piette, Jacques; Scheen, André; Paquot, Nicolas

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006

Cited by 1,578 publications

(1,220 citation statements)

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“…Although the financial burden of high BMI raises concerns about the effectiveness of intervention strategies (3–5), increasingly more attention is placed on the role of obesity in the development of other chronic diseases (1). The relationship between obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus is well documented, with high BMI associated with the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and insulin resistance (6–9). Because obesity is a clear risk factor of chronic disease, questions are raised about whether obese populations have higher rates of CVD and type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Geographical Convergence of Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes at the Neighborhood Level to Inform Policy and Practice

Smurthwaite

Bagheri

2017

Prev. Chronic Dis.

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IntroductionChronic diseases are increasing across the world. Examination of local geographic variation in chronic disease patterns can enable policy makers to identify inequalities in health outcomes and tailor effective interventions to communities at higher risk. Our study aimed to determine the geographic variation of obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes, using general practice clinical data. Further objectives included identifying regions of significantly high and low clusters of these conditions and assessing their association with sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsA cross-sectional approach was used to determine the prevalence of obesity, CVD, and type 2 diabetes in western Adelaide, Australia. The Getis-Ord Gi* method was used to identify significant hot spots of the conditions. Additionally, we used the Pearson correlation test to determine the association between disease clusters and risk factors, including socioeconomic status (SES), smoking history, and alcohol consumption.ResultsThe spatial distribution of obesity, CVD, and type 2 diabetes varied across communities. Hot spots of these conditions converged in 3 locations across western Adelaide. An inverse relationship was observed between area-level prevalence of CVD, obesity, and type 2 diabetes with SES.ConclusionIdentification of significant disease clusters can help policy makers to target prevention strategies at the right people, in the right location. The approach taken in our study can be applied to identify clusters of other chronic diseases across the world, wherever researchers have access to clinical data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Geographical Convergence of Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes at the Neighborhood Level to Inform Policy and Practice

Smurthwaite

Bagheri

2017

Prev. Chronic Dis.

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“…Chronic inflammation is widely known to be complicated in pathogenesis of various diseases such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome (Esser, Legrand‐Poels, Piette, Scheen, & Paquot, 2014; Xu et al., 2003), and cancer (Chen, Alvero, Silasi, & Mor, 2007). Several physical and chemical stimulants are factors involved in the inflammatory process such as free radicals which cause oxidative stress (Li & Wang, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐inflammatory and anti‐insulin resistance activities of aqueous extract from Anoectochilus burmannicus

Budluang

Pitchakarn

Ting

et al. 2016

Food Science & Nutrition

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This study investigated biological activities including antioxidative stress, anti‐inflammation, and anti‐insulin resistance of Anoectochilus burmannicus aqueous extract (ABE). The results showed abilities of ABE to scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals in a dose‐dependent manner. Besides, ABE significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated RAW 264.7 via inhibition of mRNA and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The LPS‐induced mRNA expressions of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) were suppressed by ABE. Moreover, ABE exerted anti‐insulin resistance activity as it significantly improved the glucose uptake in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α treated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. In addition, ABE at the concentration of up to 200 μg/mL was not toxic to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and did not induce mutations. Finally, the results of our study suggest the potential use of A. burmannicus as anti‐inflammatory, anti‐insulin resistance agents, or food supplement for prevention of chronic diseases.

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“…In the current study we have shown that the ratio of IL-6, MCP-1 and IGF-1 was the lowest in the control group and increased with obesity, diabetes and diabesity. During the inflammatory process as part of chronic disease pathophysiology an increase of proinflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IL-1β) coupled with a decrease in anti-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-10) has been demonstrated [13][14][15][16]. Other studies have shown that IL-6 and IL-1β also increased MCP-1 levels by inducing MCP-1 mRNA expression [40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inflammatory process in obesity includes the activation of macrophages to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) [13][14][15]. These proinflammatory cytokines lead to increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) with a demonstrable decrease in the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabesity Increases Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

A¹,

Pouvreau²,

Eg³

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Sci Dev Res

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Background: Inflammation and oxidative stress are two pathophysiological mechanisms that link obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabesity. However how levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers differ between patients with obesity, T2DM and diabesity has not been completely elucidated.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the interactions between emerging biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation and the differences in biomarker levels between T2DM, obesity and diabesity in a clinical setting. Methods:A total of 270 patients attending a diabetes health screening clinic (57 T2DM; 37 obese; 44 diabesity, and 132 age, gender, and weight-matched controls) participated in the study. All patients were selected on clinical grounds. Differences in the level of biomarkers of oxidative stress (erythrocyte GSH/GSSG, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG) and urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F 2α ), inflammation (CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and IL1β), and coagulation (C5a, D-dimer) were determined.Results: Both inflammatory markers and oxidative stress differed significantly between the three clinical groups. GSH revealed a significant difference between the T2DM (1456.6 µM/mL ± 737.5, p<0.03) and obese groups (1890.7 µM/mL ± 823.3). 8-OHdG increased significantly in the obese group (185.5ng/mL ± 162.4, p<0.03) compared to the control group (146.8ng/mL ± 127.5). Similarly 8-OHdG was significantly higher in the obesity group (185.5ng/mL ± 162.4) compared to the T2DM group (119.2ng/mL ± 92.9, p<0.03). A significant increase was also found for 8-iso-PGF 2α in the diabesity group (2.3 ± 15.0 ng/mL) compared to the control group (1.0 ± 1.9 ng/mL, p<0.03) and the T2DM group (1.1±2.5ng/mL, p<0.05). 8-iso-PGF 2α in the diabesity group (2.3±15.0 ng/mL) was significantly higher than the obese group (1.1ng/mL ±1.8, p<0.03). A significant decrease occurred in IGF-1 levels for diabesity (144.6 ± 285.7 ng/mL) compared to the control (302.8 ± 547.2 ng/mL, p <0.03) and the T2DM groups (225.1ng/mL ± 417, p<0.05). A statistically significant increase in the inflammatory marker ratio IL-6/IL-10 between the control group (0.41 ± 0.7) and the obesity group (0.71 ± 1.94, p<0.03) was also observed. Conclusion:The results obtained indicate that 8-iso-PGF 2α , 8-OHdG as markers of oxidative stress and IGF-1, IL-6/IL-10 are associated with diabesity and could be used diagnostically for risk assessment.markers in obesity [10,11]. The link between inflammatory and oxidative stress markers observed in obesity is also a contributory factor in the development of T2DM and CVD [8,12].The inflammatory process in obesity includes the activation of macrophages to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) [13][14][15]. These proinflammatory cytokines lead to increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) with a demonstrable decrease in the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10). IL-1β, IL-6, CRP and IL-10 are linked to abnormal fat and glucose metabolism, which provides further evidence of ...

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Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

Cited by 1,578 publications

References 81 publications

Using Geographical Convergence of Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes at the Neighborhood Level to Inform Policy and Practice

Using Geographical Convergence of Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes at the Neighborhood Level to Inform Policy and Practice

Anti‐inflammatory and anti‐insulin resistance activities of aqueous extract from Anoectochilus burmannicus

Diabesity Increases Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

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