Infiltration studies of additive manufacture of WC with Co using binder jetting and pressureless melt method

Cramer, Corson L.; Nandwana, Peeyush; Lowden, R.A.; Elliott, Amy M.

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.04.009

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Parts fabricated through BJAM often has high level of porosities due to the nature of sintering, i.e., partially melting of the powder, and sometimes can be infiltrated by another metal, if needed. For WC-Co, tungsten carbide skeleton can be fabricated first through the BJAM process and infiltrated with Co [76,77]. In this way, infiltrating Co content needs to be carefully calculated, which means that the Co content in the sample cannot be controlled exactly [76].…”

Section: Slm and Sebmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to SLM, BJAM is a cost-effective process, although it typically consists of three steps [87]. Shrinkage occurs unavoidably during the sintering process of the BJAM and therefore needs to be compensated during the design stage, which means that the dimensional accuracy cannot be controlled precisely [76][77][78]. For SLM, due to the extremely high cooling rates and thermal cycle, the sample produced by SLM has an uneven microstructure with high residual stress, and is very prone to form defects such as porosities and micro-cracks [75,100,109].…”

Section: Slm and Sebmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In SLM and BJAM without an infiltration process, WC-Co powders need to be pre-alloyed before printing [78,111]. In the BJAM process that requires infiltration, WC powder is used directly [76]. Regardless of whether it is WC-Co powder or WC powder, the particle size will affect the fluidity, and 10 to 50 μm is a suitable size [78,111].…”

Section: Slm and Sebmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may be that the weight of the part has increased too much during the infiltration process and slump under its own weight [77]. In addition, unsintered samples cannot retain their original shape during infiltration [76].…”

Section: Fused Filament Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Additive manufacturing of WC-Co hardmetals: a review

Yang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

107

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WC-Co hardmetals are widely used in wear-resistant parts, cutting tools, molds, and mining parts, owing to the combination of high hardness and high toughness. WC-Co hardmetal parts are usually produced by casting and powder metallurgy, which cannot manufacture parts with complex geometries and often require post-processing such as machining. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are able to fabricate parts with high geometric complexity and reduce post-processing. Therefore, additive manufacturing of WC-Co hardmetals has been widely studied in recent years. In this article, the current status of additive manufacturing of WC-Co hardmetals is reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of different AM processes used for producing WC-Co parts, including selective laser melting (SLM), selective electron beam melting (SEBM), binder jet additive manufacturing (BJAM), 3D gel-printing (3DGP), and fused filament fabrication (FFF) are discussed. The studies on microstructures, defects, and mechanical properties of WC-Co parts manufactured by different AM processes are reviewed. Finally, the remaining challenges in additive manufacturing of WC-Co hardmetals are pointed out and suggestions on future research are discussed.

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Section: Slm and Sebmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Slm and Sebmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Slm and Sebmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fused Filament Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Additive manufacturing of WC-Co hardmetals: a review

Yang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…16 BJ3DP utilizes a dry powder bed where a solvent and polymer mix is selectively sprayed onto the powder bed in 2D layers. 17,18 BJ3DP can achieve much higher throughput with very high resolution compared to other methods, but the feedstock particulate size is normally larger than other methods (>5 μm). One reason for using larger particulates is that the flowability is better for larger powder when in dry form.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%