“…Surprisingly, mice with null mutations of GM-CSF or the bc chain (the signalling component of the GM-CSF receptor complex) had normal numbers of myeloid progenitors Nishinakamura et al, 1995;Robb et al, 1995). Analysis of mice in which either TPO or c-MPL was deleted revealed that, in addition to its activity as a Mid to late fetal lethality, multiple defects, including cardiac (ventricular) hypoplasia, abnormal placentation, reduced fetal liver hematopoiesis and reduced primordial germ cell number conditional deletion: female infertility and neurological, cardiac, hematopoietic, immunological, hepatic and lung defects, Yoshida et al (1996a) and Betz et al (1998) IL-6Ra IL-6 NA IL-11Ra IL-11 Viable, female infertility Nandurkar et al (1997) and Robb et al (1998) Ozaki et al (2002) and Frohlich et al (2007) Abbreviations: CNTF, ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor; CLCF, cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor; EPOR, erythropoietin receptor; GM-CSFR, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor; IL, interleukin; LIFR, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor; NA, not available; NK, natural killer; OSM, oncostatin M; TPO, thrombopoietin.…”