Inferences on standardized mean difference: the generalized variable approach

Tian, Lili

doi:10.1002/sim.2589

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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Section: Data Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the standardized mean difference (SDM) model in this meta-analysis in view of the differences in the units of CRP measurement used across the included studies [151]. In contrast to the mean difference (MD), which is the difference in the means of the study and control groups, the SMD is the MD divided by the standard deviation (SD), derived from either or both of the groups [151]. In addition to being independent of the unit of measurement, the SMD has been found to be more generalizable [152] and an easier way to judge the magnitude of difference between the groups [152].…”

Section: Data Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aboeldalyl

James

Seyam

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Although the current literature associates polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with chronic inflammation, the evidence for this link remains inconclusive and its causal nature remains unclear. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the inflammatory status in PCOS women and to determine whether it is related to PCOS or to its associated adiposity. We searched electronic databases including PUBMED, EMBASE and MEDLINE, SCOPUS, DynaMed plus, TRIP, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library, for studies investigating C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory makers in PCOS women versus healthy controls. Quality and risk of bias for selected studies were assessed using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa scale. CRP data were extracted and pooled using RevMan for calculation of the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Eighty-five eligible studies were included in the systematic review, of which 63 were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis of the 63 studies revealed significantly higher circulating CRP in PCOS women (n = 4086) versus controls (n = 3120) (SMD 1.26, 95%CI, 0.99, 1.53). Sensitivity meta-analysis of 35 high quality studies including non-obese women showed significantly higher circulating CRP in PCOS women versus controls (SMD 1.80, 95%CI, 1.36, 2.25). In conclusion, circulating CRP is moderately elevated in PCOS women independent of obesity, which is indicative of low-grade chronic inflammation.

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Section: Data Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aboeldalyl

James

Seyam

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Furthermore, the data were reported with a different unit of measurements, such as millimeters or percentages. To overcome this limitation, all data were reported by "standardized mean difference (SMD)" which is not dependent on the unit (Takeshima et al, 2014;Tian, 2007). It is suggested future studies, to evaluate and report any histologic outcomes of periodontal regeneration, including newly formed bone, cementum, and PDL.…”

Section: Effect Of Biomolecules On the Regeneration Of Furcation Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerative benefits of using growth factors in treatment of periodontal defects: A systematic review and meta‐analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis on preclinical studies

Farimani

Shamshiri

Roosta

et al. 2021

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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The ultimate goal in periodontal treatments is to achieve a functional and anatomical regeneration of the lost tissues. Numerous studies have in some way illustrated the beneficial effects of biologic modifiers in this process, yet they are subject to a rather large degree of diversity in their results. Thanks to the promising outcomes of bioengineering techniques in the field of periodontal regeneration, this systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of various biologic modifiers used in periodontal defects of animal models. Electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were searched (March 2010-December 2020) for every study that used biomolecules for regeneration of periodontal osseous defects in animal models. Regenerated bone height or area, new cementum, new connective tissues, new regenerated periodontal ligament and the dimensions of epithelial attachment (either in mm/mm 2 or percentage) were the investigated outcomes. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the SYRCLE tool. In closing, there was a meta-analysis carried out on the outcomes of interest. Trial Sequential Analysis was also carried out to figure out the power of meta-analytic outcomes. From 1995 studies which were found in the initial search, 34 studies were included in this review, and 20 of them were selected for the metaanalysis. The eligible studies were categorized according to the morphology of the experimental periodontal defects as one-, two-, and three-wall intrabony defects; furcation defects, and recession-type defects. The most studied biomolecules were rhFGF-2, rhGDF-5, platelet-derived growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Based on the meta-analysis findings, combined application of biomolecules with regenerative treatments could improve new bone and cementum formation near 1 mm when compared to the control groups in one, two and three-wall intrabony defect models (p < 0.001). In furcation grade II defect, the addition of biomolecules was observed to enhance bone area gain and cementum height regeneration up to almost 2 mm (p < 0.001). Trial Sequential Analysis results confirmed the significant effect in the aforementioned metaanalyses. In cases of the buccal recession model, the application of rhFGF-2 and rhGDF-5 decreased the dimension of epithelial attachments besides regenerative 964 -

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“…Considerable attention has also been drawn toward the development of interval estimation methods for standardized mean difference, see Odgaard and Fowler [9], Smithson [10], Steiger and Fouladi [11], Tian [12], Wu, Jiang and Wei [13], and Zou [14], among others. Standardized contrasts of treatment effects and interval procedures are presented in Kline [4], Steiger and Fouladi [11], and Steiger [15] in the context of ANOVA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing standardized contrast effects in ANCOVA: Confidence intervals, precision evaluations, and sample size requirements

Shieh

2023

PLoS ONE

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Standardized effect sizes and confidence intervals are useful statistical assessments for comparing results across different studies when measurement units are not directly comparable. This paper aims to describe and compare confidence interval estimation methods for the standardized contrasts of treatment effects in ANCOVA designs. Sample size procedures are also presented to assure that the resulting confidence intervals yield informative estimation with adequate precision. Exact interval estimation approach has theoretical and empirical advantages in coverage probability and interval width over the approximate interval procedures. Numerical investigations of the existing method reveal that the omission of covariate variables has a negative impact on sample size calculations for precise interval estimation, especially when there is disparity in influential covariate variables. The proposed approaches and developed computer programs fully utilize covariate properties in interval estimation and provide accurate sample size determinations under the precision considerations of the expected interval width and the assurance probability of interval width.

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Inferences on standardized mean difference: the generalized variable approach

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Regenerative benefits of using growth factors in treatment of periodontal defects: A systematic review and meta‐analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis on preclinical studies

Assessing standardized contrast effects in ANCOVA: Confidence intervals, precision evaluations, and sample size requirements

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