Infectivity, persistence, and antibody response to domestic and sylvatic Trichinella spp. in experimentally infected pigs

Kapel, Christian M. O.; Gamble, H. Ray

doi:10.1016/s0020-7519(99)00202-7

Cited by 210 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The late (i.e. 30 day after inoculation) occurrence of IgG antibodies against E-S antigens of T. spiralis ML and, consequently, their late detection by ELISA is consistent with the research results presented by other authors (Gamble et al 1983, Smith 1987, Smith 1988, van der Leek et al 1992, Gamble 1996, Gamble 1998, Kapel et al 1998, Reiterová et al 1999, Kapel and Gamble 2000, Nöckler et al 2005, Kořínková et al 2008. Our findings show that the commercial diagnostic E-S ELISA kit is a suitable tool only for surveillance or verification of Trichinella-free herds of pigs as well as for control of hazards related to trichinellosis occurrence in wildlife, which is in accordance with the International Commission on Trichinellosis guidelines and the Regulation (EU) 2015/1375.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Literature data confirm the value of E-S ELISA for the detection of trichinellosis in pigs (Gamble et al 1983, Smith 1987, Smith 1988, Smith and Snowdon 1989, van der Leek et al 1992, Nöckler et al 1995, Gamble 1996, Gamble 1998, Kapel et al 1998, Reiterová et al 1999, Kapel and Gamble 2000, Nöckler et al 2005, Kořínková et al 2008). The authors of the studies cited above applied the E-S ELISA to detect experimental swine trichinellosis induced by varying infection doses of T. spiralis larvae (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 1500, 3000, 5000, 8000, 10 000, 15 400, 20 000, 64 000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Detection of Experimental Swine Trichinellosis Using Commercial Elisa Test

Gondek¹,

Bień²,

Nowakowski³

2017

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of the study carried out on ten young (10-week old) pigs of the native Polish Large White breed experimentally infected with a low dose of 300 invasive muscle larvae (ML) of Trichinella spiralis was intravital detection of trichinellosis using the E-S ELISA test, determination of a variation level of IgG antibodies against excretory-secretory (E-S) antigens of T. spiralis muscle larvae and finally, describing the intensity of T. spiralis larvae infection in selected muscles. The pig sera were collected at 7 and 9 days prior to the experimental infection with T. spiralis and at 9, 14, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33, 37, 41, 46 days post-infection (d.p.i.). The anti-T. spiralis IgG antibodies were detected by a commercial E-S ELISA test (PrioCHECK Trichinella Ab). Average intensity of the T. spiralis infection in the examined muscles of pigs ranged from 1.52 up to 43.09 larvae/g. The studies revealed that the E-S antigen in the ELISA test did not show cross-reaction with the sera of pigs infected with Oesophagostomum spp. The ELISA assay did not recognize trichinellosis in pigs until 27 days after the T. spiralis infection. The anti-T. spiralis IgG antibodies were first detected on day 30 post-infection. A statistically significant increase of IgG antibodies against T. spiralis ML E-S antigens was first observed between days 27-30 (p<0.01) post-infection, and a further significant rise in the antibody level occurred between days 27 and 33 (p<0.01); 30 and 33 (p<0.01); 33 and 37 (p<0.05) following infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Detection of Experimental Swine Trichinellosis Using Commercial Elisa Test

Gondek¹,

Bień²,

Nowakowski³

2017

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…Individual tissue samples were cut with scissors into pieces of less than 5 mm 3 , and digested in a solution of 1% HCl (37%) and 1% pepsin (activity 1:10,000; i.e. 10,000 units per mg) in 38-42 °C tap water for 2-3 h during constant stirring according to Kapel and Gamble (2000). The proportion between tissue (g) and fluid (ml) did not exceed 1:10.…”

Section: Recovery Of Toxocara Larvae From Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Toxocara infection in the environment and in definitive and paratenic hosts in Estonia

Talvik

Moks

Mägi

et al. 2006

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The aim of the study was to elucidate the distribution and possible transmission routes of Toxocara spp. infection in Estonia. Out of 454 faecal and sand samples collected from park lawns and sandpits in the town of Tartu, 19 were Toxocara positive (4.2%). Out of the 45 sandpit samples 17.8% were Toxocara positive. Cat faeces was found in 21 sandpit samples. Parasitological necropsies were performed on 41 euthanised stray dogs and 27 cats in the Tallinn Dog Home. Additionally, 13 wild free-roaming brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) were captured from the Tallinn Dog Home territory, necropsied and studied for the presence of Toxocara larvae. Toxocara canis adults were found in 14.6% of the dogs and Toxocara cati (syn. mystax) adults in the small intestines of 48.2% of the cats examined. Larval infection was detected in the kidney and liver in 5 dogs (12.2%). Our study demonstrated only low-level larval Toxocara infections in adult dogs. Toxocara larvae were not found in cats and brown rats. According to the results of this study, cats more often carry Toxocara infection than dogs. Under our conditions, stray and free-roaming cats are the main contaminators of the environment with Toxocara eggs. Children playing in sandpits are the main risk group for larval toxocarosis.

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“…The diagnosis of trichinellosis is rather difficult because fever, myalgia and eosinophilia are nonspecific, and this disease may be misdiagnosed. At present, muscle biopsy and serologic testing are used for diagnosing human trichinellosis (Yera et al, 2003;Gómez-Morales et al, 2008), but the biopsy technique is not sensitive to infections with small numbers of T. spiralis, and serologic tests (e.g., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using muscle HELMINTHOLOGIA, 51, 3: 181 -189, 2014 Detection of circulating antigens in serum samples of mice experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis by a sandwich ELISA based on IgY larval excretory-secretory (ES) antigen or the synthetic antigen 3,6-dideoxy-D-arabinohexose [tyvelose]) for detecting IgG specific for Trichinella are not positive in pig and mice infected experimentally until 3 to 4 weeks after infection (Kapel & Gamble, 2000;Gamble et al, 2004;Oltean et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012;). Several studies have shown that the maximum positivity of 100 % of ELISA in detecting anti-Trichinella antibodies was not reached until at least 1 to 3 months after human infection with the parasite (Bruschi et al, 1990;Morakote et al, 1991;Wang et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of circulating antigens in serum samples of mice experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis by a sandwich ELISA based on IgY

Jing¹,

Cui

Liu

et al. 2014

Helminthologia

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SummaryIn the present study, a sandwich ELISA based on IgY (egg yolk immunoglobulin) was developed for detection of circulating antigens (CAg) in sere of mice experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis. The IgY-sandwich ELISA assay involved the use of chicken antibody IgY against excretory-secretory (ES) antigens of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae as a capture antibody and mouse polyclonal antibody IgG to ES antigens as a detecting antibody. This method was able to detect as little as 3 ng/ml of ES antigens added to normal mouse serum. A group of sixteen mice was orally inoculated with 500 T. spiralis muscle larvae per animal. The serum samples from the infected mice were taken during 1 -35 days post-infection (dpi). The CAg was detectable as early as 8 dpi in the sera of infected mice. The level of CAg increased dramatically during 13 -15 dpi and reached a peak at 22 dpi and remained a plateau for 3 days, then declined gradually. Another peak of CAg occurred at 31 dpi. The anti-Trichinella antibodies was first detected in 14.3 % of the infected mice at 2 weeks post-infection (wpi), and reached a peak positive rate of 100 % at 5 wpi. Moreover, the infected mice were treated with abendazole at 5 wpi and the serum CAg levels increased significantly during 2 -6 days posttreatment (dpt) and then declined rapidly during 8 -14 dpt. By 42 dpt, the CAg levels decreased to the undetected level, but the detection rate of antibodies was still 100 %. The IgY-sandwich ELISA appears to be a sensitive for detection of antigenemia of T. spiralis and valuable to judge the efficacy of chemotherapy in trichinellosis.

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Infectivity, persistence, and antibody response to domestic and sylvatic Trichinella spp. in experimentally infected pigs

Cited by 210 publications

References 17 publications

Detection of Experimental Swine Trichinellosis Using Commercial Elisa Test

Detection of Experimental Swine Trichinellosis Using Commercial Elisa Test

Distribution of Toxocara infection in the environment and in definitive and paratenic hosts in Estonia

Detection of circulating antigens in serum samples of mice experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis by a sandwich ELISA based on IgY

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