Infectious Complications of Transplantation

Evans, Rhys; Haque, Tanzina; Harber, Mark

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-5547-8_71

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…[18][19][20] Infections in the post-transplant period may not present with classic features, as shown in our case series, so a high index of suspicion is required for diagnosing and treating them early to reduce mortality and morbidit. 21 To our knowledge, this is the largest case series reported from India in kidney transplant patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Post kidney transplant histoplasmosis: An under‐recognized diagnosis in India

Rana

Kotton

Mahapatra

et al. 2020

Transplant Infectious Dis

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The availability of better and more potent immunosuppressive drugs have significantly reduced the risk of acute rejections (AR), while increasing the risk of other complications, especially infections in kidney transplant recipients. 1 Infections remain the second most common cause of death and the most common cause of hospitalization in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. 2 Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. In India the disease is endemic in the northeast region. 3 Histoplasmosis in immunocompromised can present with varied clinical manifestations and it should be diagnosed and treated promptly with antifungal drugs otherwise it can be fatal. 4,5 Many symptoms of histoplasmosis mimic tuberculosis which is endemic in India, and sometimes empiric antitubercular treatment is started, which can have devastating consequences and lead to mortality in many patients. 6 There are only a handful of case reports of histoplasmosis in SOT recipients from India, hence it is often overlooked as a cause of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO), chest infection, and cutaneous lesions in non-endemic regions. Hereby, we present five cases of histoplasmosis in kidney transplant recipients with varied clinical presentations and outcomes, highlighting both diagnostic approach in such cases and the importance of keeping histoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis in transplant recipients with similar presentations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%