Infections in children with simple obesity: The relation to phagocytic function and serum leptin

Toaima, Nadin N.; El-Owaidy, Rasha H.; Zaki, Dina L.; Eldin, Lerine B

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2018.08.007

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Insulin resistance and leptin act to reduce food intake and to increase energy expenditure through the action on the hypothalamic neurons, for which they are named “signals of body adiposity” [ 14 ]. Excessive weight contributes to hyperleptinemia, a condition in which the leptin receptors are altered or defective at the blood-brain barrier, resulting in a resistance, and ceasing to regulate body weight and appetite [ 15 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such risk behaviors can induce to overweight, mainly due to the imbalance between high consumption of high-calorie diet and low total daily energy expenditure [ 10 ]. This positive energy balance can directly contribute to the excess of body fat percentage (BF%) and, consequently, to an increase in blood pressure [ 11 , 12 ], triglycerides, free fatty acids [ 13 ], leptin production [ 14 , 15 ], dyslipidemias, hyperuricemia [ 16 , 17 ], and insulin resistance [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metabolic complications mentioned can activate the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ) [ 19 , 20 ]. IL-6 and TNF- α stimulate the production of C-reactive protein (CRP) by the liver [ 14 , 20 , 21 ] and, together, trigger the process of subclinical inflammation, which can result in the development of cardiovascular diseases [ 19 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents

Miranda

Amorim

Bastos

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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Background. Female adolescents are considered a risk group for cardiometabolic disease due to their lifestyle (LS). Objective. To evaluate the association between LS classes and body composition groups with cardiometabolic disease risk factors and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in female adolescents. Methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out with female adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, from Viçosa-MG, Brazil. Latent class analysis assessed LS classes. Kinanthropometric measurements were taken together with the body fat percentage (BF%), being analyzed by the Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) equipment. Blood pressure and biochemical parameters were analyzed in the Health Division of the Federal University of Viçosa. The pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using Luminex technology. Associations with biomarkers were estimated by multiple linear regression. Results. 405 female adolescents were evaluated. The majority, 82.57%, 72.90%, and 65.31%, were classified as inactive by the number of steps, with high screen and cell phone time, respectively. Furthermore, 41.55% did meet the minimum of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 54.69% had high values of BF% (DEXA). The “Sedentary & Inactive LS” class together with the high levels of weight and BF% were associated with increased levels of blood pressure, lipid profile, and uric acid. It was also found that “Inactive & Sedentary LS”, high BF%, insulin resistance, and ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein were associated with the concentrations of proinflammatory biomarkers of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and leptin. Conclusion. We concluded that female adolescents with overweight/obese and high BF% presented higher values of anthropometric indicators, levels of blood pressure, concentration of uric acid and hs-CRP, and lower concentration of HDL. Inactive and Sedentary lifestyle of these girls, along with excess body fat, insulin resistance, and higher concentrations of hs-CRP were associated with the higher concentration proinflammatory markers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents

Miranda

Amorim

Bastos

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only one patient had an infection confirmed by laboratory tests in our study, although other cases might have been not diagnosed. Otherwise healthy children with a higher BMI have been shown to be more likely to present with infections than children with a normal BMI, possibly because higher levels of leptin in obese children can disturb the immune system by affecting the quantity of lymphocytes and the function of phagocytes [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Nutritional Status during Induction Phase and Their Association with Fever and Minimal Residual Disease in Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

Gustaitė,

Everatt,

Kairienė

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and objectives: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is associated with a cytokine imbalance and oxidative stress, which can be aggravated by malnutrition. Malnutrition, defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as obesity or undernutrition, can affect treatment complications and outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the change in the body mass index (BMI) z-score during induction, as well as evaluate the impact of childhood malnutrition on fevers at an ALL presentation and early response to therapy. Methods: An observational cohort study of 50 consecutive children with ALL, diagnosed in 2019–2022, was performed. Patients were divided into age groups of 0–5, 6–11, and 12–17 years. BMI-for-age z-scores were used to define undernutrition and overnutrition according to WHO growth standards. Results: The number of patients with an abnormal BMI increased from 3 (6%) at diagnosis to 10 (20%) at the end of induction (from 2 (4%) to 6 (12%) in overweight/obese, and from 1 (2%) to 4 (8%) in underweight patients). At the end of induction, all overweight/obese patients were 0–5 years old. On the other hand, a statistically significant decrease in the mean BMI z-score among patients aged 12–17 was observed (p = 0.005). The mean BMI z-score differed statistically significantly among children aged 0–5 presenting with and without fever (p = 0.001). The minimal residual disease (MRD) level at the end of induction was not related to BMI at diagnosis. Conclusions: Despite the use of steroids, adolescents are prone to losing weight during an ALL induction, in contrast to preschool children, who tend to gain weight under the same treatment. BMI at diagnosis was related to a fever of ≥38 °C (at ALL presentation) in the 0–5 age group. The results emphasise the importance of careful nutritional status monitoring, with younger and older children as important target groups for weight gain and weight loss interventions, respectively.

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“…While a decline in the phagocytic function of peripheral monocytes and neutrophil granulocytes has been observed in various pathologies and diseases [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], the current literature on the phagocytic function of these cells in the context of ovarian cancer remains limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of the Decreased Phagocytic Function of Peripheral Monocytes and Neutrophil Granulocytes following Cytoreductive Surgery in Advanced Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Kovács,

Lukács,

Pál

et al. 2023

Medicina

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(1) Monocytes and neutrophil granulocytes are the phagocytic cells of the innate immune system, playing a crucial role in recognizing and eliminating tumor-transformed cells. Our objective was to assess the impact of advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and cytoreductive surgery on the phagocytic function of peripheral monocytes and neutrophil granulocytes. We aimed to compare the pre- and postoperative phagocytic function of these immune cells in EOC patients with healthy control women. Additionally, we aimed to examine the influence of surgery on phagocytic function by comparing pre- and postoperative samples from patients with benign gynecological tumors. (2) We examined peripheral blood samples from 20 patients with FIGO IIIC stage high-grade serous EOC and 16 patients with benign gynecological tumors as surgical controls, collected before and seven days after tumor removal surgery, and from 14 healthy women. After separation, the cells were incubated with Zymosan-A particles, and the phagocytic index (PI) was assessed using immunofluorescence microscopy. One-way ANOVA, the Kruskal–Wallis H-test, and the paired samples t-test were used for the statistical analysis of the data. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied. (3) Peripheral monocytes and neutrophils from EOC patients exhibited significantly lower preoperative PI values compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). Following cytoreductive surgery, the PI values of immune cells in EOC patients significantly increased by the 7th postoperative day (p < 0.001; p < 0.001), reaching levels comparable to those of healthy controls (p = 0.700 and p = 0.991). In contrast, there was no significant disparity in the PI values of cells obtained from pre- and postoperative blood samples of surgical controls when compared to healthy women (monocytes: p = 0.361 and p = 0.303; neutrophils: p = 0.150 and p = 0.235). (4) EOC and/or its microenvironment may produce factors that reduce the phagocytic function of monocytes and neutrophils, and the production of these factors may be reduced or eliminated after tumor removal.

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Infections in children with simple obesity: The relation to phagocytic function and serum leptin

Abstract: Obese children are posed at increased risk of infections and have higher serum leptin levels with possible negative effects of leptin on phagocytic functions.

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents

Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents

Changes in Nutritional Status during Induction Phase and Their Association with Fever and Minimal Residual Disease in Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

Recovery of the Decreased Phagocytic Function of Peripheral Monocytes and Neutrophil Granulocytes following Cytoreductive Surgery in Advanced Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

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