Infections in Burn Patients: A Retrospective View over Seven Years

Abstract

Backgroundand objectives: Burn patients represent a challenging cohort because the injuries entail a vulnerability to colonisation by microorganisms. The ensuing infections can lead to serious complications and, in many cases, to the death of the burn patient. Surgical intervention and wound dressings, as well as antibiotic treatment, are crucial for optimising the treatment of the patient. Materialand Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we analysed the treatment course, antibiotic therapy, and general complications of 252 burn patients with second- or third-degree burns over a time span of 7 years. Results: Patients who developed infections tended to have, on average, a higher total body surface area (TBSA), higher abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI) scores, and longer hospital stays. Patients who were admitted to the burn unit after 2006 had significantly shorter stays in the burn unit. TBSA and ABSI scores were lower in the patient cohort admitted after 2006. Patients exhibiting a TBSA greater than 30% had significantly longer hospital stays and antibiotic treatment periods. TBSA and ABSI scores were significantly higher in patients who died. The results of binary logistic regression indicate that a higher ABSI score increases the odds ratio of developing an infection. Bacteria number had no significant effect on the odds of patient death but positively influenced the odds ratio of developing an infection. TBSA was negatively associated with the risk of developing an infection and was an insignificant predictor of mortality. Conclusions: To gauge the optimal treatment for a burn patient, it is crucial for practitioners to correctly select, dose, and time antibiotics for the patient. Monitoring bacterial colonisation is vital to nip rising infection in the bud and ensure the correct antibiotic selection. This will help prevent the development of multi-resistant bacteria.

Antibacterial Therapy for Patients With Burn Injuries

“…However, within a few days, Gram-positive strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus spp., start to colonize the wounds from deeper structures (hair follicles and glands). In the second phase, a Gram-negative shift takes place, where P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and Proteus are the predominant isolates [18,19,20]. If left untreated, this colonization can lead to infection [20,21].…”

Wound microflora and antibiotic resistance in burn patients

“…Представленный в нашем исследовании микробный спектр ожоговых ран свидетельствует об инфицировании представителями внутрибольничной микробиоты стафилококками, неферментирующими грамотрицательными бактериями и энтеробактериями. Указанные микроорганизмы характерны для многих ожоговых центров, и полученные результаты не противоречат данным других исследований [4,[6][7][8][9].…”

“…В этот период важным компонентом лечения становится антибактериальная терапия. При этом неправильное назначение антибиотиков может способствовать развитию резистентности к антибиотикам, ускорять развитие мультирезистент ных микробов, а также негативно влиять на экосистему отделения интенсивной терапии [7]. Поэтому решающее значение в выборе противомикробного препарата имеют результаты микробиологического исследования и данные локальной антибиотикорезистентности [8,9,10].…”

Pediatric First-Degree Burn Management With Honey and 1% Silver Sulfadiazine (Ag-SD): Comparison and Contrast

“…It has been reported that long-standing burn patients often had fatal outcomes, including death (42-65%) because of infection [97][98][99][100][101]. Ag-SD is a pharmaceutical product often prescribed to stave off, control, and treat infectious disorders in burn lesions.…”