infection in free-ranging Iberian red deer in the region of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain

Fuente, José de la; Vicente, Joaquı́n; Höfle, Úrsula; Ruiz‐Fons, Francisco; Mera, Isabel G. Fernández de; Bussche, Ronald A. Van Den; Kocan, Katherine M.; Gortázar, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.02.007

Cited by 64 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…marginale infections in cattle have been described previously in Spain (Garcı´a Ferna´ndez and Huelli 1984;Sevilla et al 2002;de la Fuente et al 2004) and in other European countries, including Portugal (Caeiro 1999), Italy (Tassi et al 2002;Cringoli et al 2002) and Switzerland (Hofmann-Lehmann et al 2004). However, the prevalence of A. marginale infections in ticks has been poorly characterized in Spain and other European countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) in central Spain

et al. 2004

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Emerging tick-borne diseases of humans and animals have occurred frequently during the past 30 years. These disease outbreaks appear to result from changes in the distribution of tick and vertebrate hosts, and the introduction of humans and domestic animals into tick-pathogen-wildlife cycles. Use of molecular technologies now available for identification of pathogens in ticks can provide valuable information that allows for risk analysis of emerging tick-borne diseases. In this study, the prevalence of selected pathogens in ticks collected in six locations in central Spain from the major wild ungulate species, European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus), was determined by PCR. Tick species collected included Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalus bursa and Hyalomma m. marginatum. Pathogens identified in ticks included piroplasmids, Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Rickettsia spp. Piroplasmids were identified in all tick species except I. ricinus. Ehrlichia spp. were detected in all tick species and collection locations, while Rickettsia spp., which proved to be R. slovaca and a recently identified Rickettsia sp. DnS28, were identified only in D. marginatus. A. marginale and A. phagocytophilum were detected in D. marginatus, R. bursa and Hy. m. marginatum. Concurrent infections of these pathogens were frequently observed in ticks. Notably, A. phagocytophilum, which is infective for a broad host range that includes humans and domestic and wild animals, was identified in ticks from all collection locations. The variety of ticks and tick-borne pathogens demonstrated in this study suggests a risk in central Spain for the emergence of tick-borne diseases in humans and domestic animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) in central Spain

et al. 2004

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“…ovis-like agent in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Spain has been previously reported as well (14,40). The sequence of 16S rRNA from deer in Shimane Prefecture was 99.9% identical to that of A. centrale from cattle in Aomori, Japan (22); 98.6% identical to that of A. marginale from cattle in the United States (strain Virginia; GenBank accession no.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Novel Genetic Variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Anaplasma bovis , Anaplasma centrale , and a Novel Ehrlichia sp. in Wild Deer and Ticks on Two Major Islands in Japan

Kawahara¹,

Rikihisa

Lin

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

274

212

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Wild deer are one of the important natural reservoir hosts of several species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma that cause human ehrlichiosis or anaplasmosis in the United States and Europe. The primary aim of the present study was to determine whether and what species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma naturally infect deer in Japan. Blood samples obtained from wild deer on two major Japanese islands, Hokkaido and Honshu, were tested for the presence of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma by PCR assays and sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, major outer membrane protein p44 genes, and groESL. DNA representing four species and two genera of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma was identified in 33 of 126 wild deer (26%). DNA sequence analysis revealed novel strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a novel Ehrlichia sp., Anaplasma centrale, and Anaplasma bovis in the blood samples from deer. None of these have been found previously in deer. The new Ehrlichia sp., A. bovis, and A. centrale were also detected in Hemaphysalis longicornis ticks from Honshu Island. These results suggest that enzootic cycles of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species distinct from those found in the United States or Europe have been established in wild deer and ticks in Japan.

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“…marginale is a tick-borne pathogen whose presence is mainly connected with tropical or subtropical regions, although these bacteria are detected more and more frequently in other regions of the world, e.g. Europe (Sicily, Hungary and Spain), Australia, South Africa (De Waal, 2000;de la Fuente et al, 2004de la Fuente et al, , 2005Kocan et al, 2004;Naranjo et al, 2006;Hornok et al, 2007).…”

Section: Anaplasma Marginalementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria of the genus Anaplasma - characteristics of Anaplasma and their vectors: a review

Rymaszewska¹,

Grenda²

2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

111

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Over recent years, there has been a growing interest in bacteria from the genus Anaplasma, especially the species A. marginale, A. ovis and A. phagocytophilum. It is connected with the pathogenic activity of these bacteria in farm animals, and also, though to a lesser degree, in humans. Anaplasmosis, a disease caused by various species of anaplasma, is an especially important issue for animal breeders. The main vectors of the Anaplasma bacteria are ticks, common arachnida occurring everywhere in the world, especially the genera Ixodes, Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma. The genus Anaplasma includes obligate intracellular bacteria, parasitizing in the vacuoles of cells in eukaryotic hosts. A. marginale, A. centrale, A. ovis and A. bovis are obligate intracellular bacteria parasitizing in erythrocytes and monocytes of higher vertebrates, mostly ruminants. A. platys is mainly a pathogen of canines (displaying tropism to thrombocytes) and the species A. phagocytophilum (displaying tropism to granulocytes) is pathogenic to people and domestic animals. In this paper we present characteristics and differentiation of six species of the genus Anaplasma and their vectors in the world.

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infection in free-ranging Iberian red deer in the region of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) in central Spain

Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) in central Spain

Novel Genetic Variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Anaplasma bovis , Anaplasma centrale , and a Novel Ehrlichia sp. in Wild Deer and Ticks on Two Major Islands in Japan

Bacteria of the genus Anaplasma - characteristics of Anaplasma and their vectors: a review

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