Infection and protection responses of deletion mutants of non-structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1 in guinea pigs

Lalzampuia, H.; Elango, S.; Biswal, Jitendra K.; Krishnaswamy, Narayanan; Selvan, R.P. Tamil; Saravanan, P.; Mahadappa, Priyanka; Umapathi, V.; Reddy, G. R.; Bhanuprakash, V.; Sanyal, Aniket; Dechamma, H J

doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11692-2

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“…The deletion of G–H loop in VP1 (Fowler et al 2014 ), leader coding region (Lpro), and 3B1/3D proteins have been evaluated for DIVA compliance (Uddowla et al 2012 ). It was shown that carboxyl-terminal of 3A region, 3B1, and 3B2 can accommodate deletions without compromising the replication efficiency of the virus (Pacheco et al 2003 ; Li et al 2014 ; Biswal et al 2015 ; Behura et al 2016 ; Bhatt et al 2018 ; Dhanesh et al 2020 ; Lalzampuia et al 2022 ). In this study, with the aim of producing FMDV vaccine with negative marker attribute and containing thermostable capsid, we generated a deletion mutant in 3A C-terminal region of O IND/R2/1975 virus with thermostable capsid having Y2098F mutation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thermostable negative-marker foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O induces protective immunity in guinea pigs

Ranjitha

Dhanesh

Hosamani

et al. 2023

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease of high economic importance, caused by FMD virus (FMDV), a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, affecting cloven-hoofed animals. Preventive vaccination using inactivated virus is in practice to control the disease in many endemic countries. While the vaccination induces antibodies mainly to structural proteins, the presence of antibodies to the non-structural proteins (NSP) is suggestive of infection, a criterion for differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Also, there is a growing demand for enhancing the stability of the FMD vaccine virus capsid antigen as the strength of the immune response is proportional to the amount of intact 146S particles in the vaccine. Considering the need for a DIVA compliant stable vaccine, here we report generation and rescue of a thermostable and negative marker virus FMDV serotype O (IND/R2/1975) containing a partial deletion in non-structural protein 3A, generated by reverse genetics approach. Immunization of guinea pigs with the inactivated thermostable-negative marker virus antigen induced 91% protective immune response. Additionally, a companion competitive ELISA (cELISA) targeting the deleted 3A region was developed, which showed 92.3% sensitivity and 97% specificity, at cut-off value of 36% percent inhibition. The novel thermostable-negative marker FMDV serotype O vaccine strain and the companion cELISA could be useful in FMDV serotype O enzootic countries to benefit the FMD control program. Key points • Thermostable foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O with partial deletion in 3A . • Inactivated thermostable marker vaccine induced 91% protection in guinea pigs . • Companion cELISA based on deleted region in 3A could potentially facilitate DIVA . Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-023-12359-w.

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