Infected Mandibular Fractures: Risk Factors and Management

Abdelfadil, Ehab; Salem, A. Z. M.; Mourad, Samah I; Al-Belasy, Fouad A.

doi:10.4172/2332-0702.1000102

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Our study favours that delay in treating mandibular fractures is not associated with increased complications if an aseptic technique with proper reduction and fixation and regular follow-up is ensured. A prospective study by Hurrell et al 19 also agrees, with our study, concluding that the time delay of surgical intervention is not directly related to an increase in complications. However, it also states that fractures result from assaults, surgery of long duration, advancing patient's age, and more clinical difficulties in the follow-up period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Variations in the complication rate after surgery exist and are found to be between 0.0% to 20.0%, as collected from the previous studies. 19 Abdefadil et al 20 stated that poor oral hygiene, such as periodontitis, gingivitis, and mobile tooth, affects post-operative wound healing. Open reduction internal fixation of fractures requires great care by oral hygiene practice and daily saline irrigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Post-Operative Results of Early Versus Delayed Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Isolated Mandibular Fractures

Hassan

Shafqat²,

Babar³

et al. 2022

PAFMJ

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of treatment time of open reduction internal fixation of mandibular fractures in post-operative complications. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2019. Methodology: A hundred and four patients with isolated mandibular fractures diagnosed clinically and radiologically were included in the study. Group-I was the early Group consisting of cases reported under 72 hours, and Group-II was the delayed Group consisting of patients after 72 hours and within fourteen days. Treatment outcomes were assessed and compared for all patients based on clinical parameters in the post-operative period during follow-up. Results: One hundred and four patients with mandibular fractures were treated with open reduction internal fixation. On a periodic follow-up of 6 months, all patients were evaluated for malocclusion, surgical site infection, hardware exposure, and non-union complications. Group-I showed six patients (11.70%) with malocclusion, whereas three patients (6.10%) in Group-II had malocclusion (p-value=0.295). Surgical site infection was present in 2(3.84%) patients in Group-I and 3(5.76%) patients in Group-II (p-value=0.647). There was no case of non-union and three patients (5.76%) of hardware exposure in Group-I and two patients (3.84%) in Group-II (p-value=0.647). No statistically significant increase in post-operative complications in malocclusion, surgical site infection, hardware exposure, and non-union was found in Group-II with comparison Group-I. Conclusion: Delay in the surgical intervention of mandible fractures does not lead to increased post-operative complications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Post-Operative Results of Early Versus Delayed Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Isolated Mandibular Fractures

Hassan

Shafqat²,

Babar³

et al. 2022

PAFMJ

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“…Inadequate oral hygiene may lead to fracture crevice infection and finally result in osteitis [46]. During preliminary stages of the healing process postoperatively, the patients urgently need careful oral hygiene due to possible postoperative complications like lockjaw, edema, or pains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ethanolic Extract of Brazilian Green Propolis Gel on Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Patients after Mandible Fractures

Niedzielska

Puszczewicz

Mertas

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Maintenance of proper oral hygiene by dental plaque elimination is one of the most important factors affecting the healing process in postoperative oral wounds. Propolis is a substance produced by bees. Ethanolic extract of propolis has bactericidal, fungicidal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties. Moreover, it can scavenge free radicals. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of a gel containing 3% of ethanolic extract of Brazilian green propolis (EEP-B) when used for maintaining oral hygiene in patients with postoperative oral mucosal wounds. The hygiene was assessed using API, OHI, and SBI followed by microbiological examinations. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of those who used a gel containing EEP-B for oral hygiene, and group 2 consisted of those who used a gel without EEP-B. Although improved oral hygiene was noted in both groups, the improvement was markedly greater in the group using gel containing EEP-B. Summing up the results of microbiological examinations, EEP-B has beneficial effect on mouth microflora in postoperative period. Propolis preparations used for oral hygiene allow eliminating microorganisms of pathogenic character and physiological flora microorganisms considered as being opportunistic, with no harmful influence on physiological microflora in oral ecosystem.

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“…Recently, our group demonstrated that advanced periodontal disease was a highly significant cofactor in surgical site infection (mandibular fractures) with an odds ratio of 74. Maxillofacial plate removal is primarily due to infection in 46.7% of the cases [ 5 , 6 ] and results from biofilm development [ 7 ], which mandates further surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial CHX-CaCl2 Coatings on Maxillofacial Fixatures for Infection Prevention

Alostath,

Chatzopoulou,

Holmes

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Maxillofacial surgery placement of fixatures (Leonard Buttons, LB) at close proximity to surgical incisions provides a potential reservoir as a secondary local factor to advanced periodontal disease, with bacterial formation around failed fixatures implicating plaque. To address infection rates, we aimed to surface coat LB and Titanium (Ti) discs using a novel form of chlorhexidine (CHX), CHX-CaCl2 and 0.2% CHX digluconate mouthwash as a comparison. CHX-CaCl2 coated, double-coated and mouthwash coated LB and Ti discs were transferred to 1 mL artificial saliva (AS) at specified time points, and UV-Visible spectroscopy (254 nm) was used to measure CHX release. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured using collected aliquots against bacterial strains. Specimens were characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM displayed copious dendritic crystals on LB/ Ti disc surfaces. Drug release from double-coated CHX-CaCl2 was 14 days (Ti discs) and 6 days (LB) above MIC, compared to the comparison group (20 min). The ZOI for the CHX-CaCl2 coated groups was significantly different within groups (p < 0.05). CHX-CaCl2 surface crystallization is a new drug technology for controlled and sustained CHX release; its antibacterial effectiveness makes this drug an ideal adjunct following clinical and surgical procedures to maintain oral hygiene and prevent surgical site infections.

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Infected Mandibular Fractures: Risk Factors and Management

Cited by 9 publications

References 89 publications

Comparison of Post-Operative Results of Early Versus Delayed Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Isolated Mandibular Fractures

Comparison of Post-Operative Results of Early Versus Delayed Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Isolated Mandibular Fractures

The Influence of Ethanolic Extract of Brazilian Green Propolis Gel on Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Patients after Mandible Fractures

Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial CHX-CaCl2 Coatings on Maxillofacial Fixatures for Infection Prevention

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