Infecção transplacentária e intrauterina por Brucella abortus em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis)

Abstract

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença de Brucella abortus e as lesões causadas por esse agente nos anexos fetais e nos fetos de búfalas. Para isso, 20 búfalas em diversos meses de gestação, sorologicamente positivas para brucelose, foram submetidas ao abate sanitário. A idade fetal foi determinada através de exames ultrassonográficos associados à mensuração dos fetos durante a necropsia. Do útero fechado desses animais foram coletadas amostras para histopatologia e qPCR. A partir do segundo mês de gestação foi possível detectar a presença de DNA de B. abortus em líquido amniótico, líquido alantoide e em útero e, a partir do quinto mês, na placenta, coração, baço, rim, pulmão, intestino, fígado e linfonodos dos fetos. Os principais achados anatomopatológicos foram placentite fibrinopurulenta necrótica e endometrite supurativa crônica.

Brucellosis in water buffaloes

“…Melina G.S. Sousa 2 , Felipe M. Salvarani 2 , Henrique A. Bomjardim 2 , Marilene F. Brito 3 and José D. Barbosa 2 * with fibrinous suppurative necrotic placentitis (Sousa et al 2015a). Brucellosis has been diagnosed in water buffaloes from Egypt (Gentile 1957, Menshawy et al 2014, Italy (Guarino et al 2001), Trinidad and Tobago (Fosgate et al 2002), Pakistan (Nasir et al 2004), Argentina (Konrad et al 2013) and Brazil (Ogassawara et al 1969, Santa Rosa et al 1969, Láu & Singh 1985, Bastianetto et al 2005, Silva et al 2014a, Sousa et al 2015a, 2015b.…”

“…Later, seroepidemiological surveys demonstrated the presence of brucellosis in buffaloes in different Brazilian states (Láu & Singh 1985, Bastianetto et al 2005, Silva et al 2014a. In 2015, a study that evaluated buffalo cows with brucellosis from the Amazon biome detected, by real-time PCR (qPCR) and for the first time in the world, B. abortus starting in the second month of pregnancy in the amniotic fluid, allantoic fluid and uterus of buffalo cows and starting in the fifth month of pregnancy in fetal tissues (Sousa et al 2015a).…”

“…The main infection route of brucellosis is the digestive system due to the direct contact with placental remains, fetal adnexa or aborted fetuses (Ackermann et al 1988). Recently, the relevance of intrauterine transmission in the epidemiological chain of brucellosis in buffaloes was characterized by the detection of Brucella abortus in the amniotic fluid, allantoic fluid and uterus of buffalo cows starting in the second month of pregnancy and in the fetal tissues starting in the fifth month of pregnancy (Sousa et al 2015a). Other infection routes include ingestion of contaminated milk (Wilesmith 1978, Nicoletti 1980 and artificial insemination with contaminated semen (Rankin 1965).…”

“…The inflammatory process causes necrotic-inflammatory lesions in the placenta and lysis of the placental villi, resulting in detached cotyledons impairing maternal-fetal circulation, hindering the transport of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and leading to birth of weak calves or abortion (Xavier et al 2009, Sousa et al 2015a. After the first abortion, due to the development of cellular immunity, there is a significant decrease in the number and size of lesions in placentomes in subsequent pregnancies.…”

“…In buffaloes, macroscopic lesions are characterized by placentitis with a brownish exudate and fetid odor, are-as of necrosis and fibrin, and congestion and multifocal hemorrhages. Uteri have necrotic foci, placentomes with fibrinopurulent exudate with fetid odor, edema and intercotyledonary chorioallantoic hemorrhage, caruncles with multifocal fibrinopurulent exudate and/or congestion and hemorrhagic areas (Sousa et al 2015a).…”