Infant Visual Perception

Kellman, Philip J.; Arterberry, Martha E.

doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0203

Cited by 56 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 281 publications

(360 reference statements)

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“…As a result, younger infants are more likely to show activation in dorsal areas during processing of the different-shape event. This explanation is consistent with evidence that visual acuity develops significantly during the first 6 months (Dobson & Teller, 1978; Norica & Tyler, 1985; Teller & Movshon, 1986) and that by the second half of the first year infants are less reliant on motion-carried information for the analysis of object form (Arterberry, Craton, & Yonas, 1993; Kellman & Arterberry, 2006). This interpretation is also consistent with fMRI studies conducted with adults showing that posterior parietal areas are activated when motion-carried information defines object shape but not when shape is extracted from static contour alone (Murray et al, 2004; Peuskens et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cortical activation to object shape and speed of motion during the first year

Wilcox¹,

Hawkins²,

Hirshkowitz³

et al. 2014

NeuroImage

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A great deal is known about the functional organization of cortical networks that mediate visual object processing in the adult. The current research is part of a growing effort to identify the functional maturation of these pathways in the developing brain. The current research used near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate functional activation of the infant cortex during the processing of featural information (shape) and spatiotemporal information (speed of motion) during the first year of life. Our investigation focused on two areas that were implicated in previous studies: anterior temporal cortex and posterior parietal cortex. Neuroimaging data were collected with 207 infants across three age groups: 3 to 6 months (Experiment 1), 7 to 8 months (Experiment 2), and 10 to 12 months (Experiments 3 and 4). The neuroimaging data revealed age-related changes in patterns of activation to shape and speed information, mostly involving posterior parietal areas, some of which were predicted and others that were not. We suggest that these changes reflect age-related differences in the perceptual and/or cognitive processes engaged during the task.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cortical activation to object shape and speed of motion during the first year

Wilcox¹,

Hawkins²,

Hirshkowitz³

et al. 2014

NeuroImage

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show abstract

“…By just 5 days, infants demonstrate special sensitivity not just to faces, but specifically to the eyes of another person, preferring to look at faces with eyes open rather than closed (Batki, 2000). Strikingly, and despite rather limited visual acuity (Kellman & Banks, 1998), they are also able, at approximately the same age, to distinguish faces whose gaze is directed toward them rather than away from them (Farroni et al, 2002). These preferences are widespread in other domains as well.…”

Section: Adaptive Action In Response To Environmental Demands Constramentioning

confidence: 94%

Early Departures from Normative Processes of Social Engagement in Infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Shultz

Jones

Klin

2015

The Many Faces of Social Attention

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“…For example, they root significantly more toward the finger of someone touching their cheek (single touch), than toward their own fingers touching their cheek (double touch, Rochat & Hespos, 1997). Furthermore, research show that hour-old infants are already sensitive to distal objects and not just proximal stimulations hitting the senses (Kellman & Arterberry, 2006;Slater, Mattock, & Brown, 1990). Infants from birth show remarkable attunement to particular features in the environment.…”

Section: Sharing In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Empathy≠sharing: Perspectives from phenomenology and developmental psychology

Zahavi

Rochat

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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We argue that important insights regarding the topic of sharing can be gathered from phenomenology and developmental psychology; insights that in part challenge widespread ideas about what sharing is and where it can be found. To be more specific, we first exemplify how the notion of sharing is being employed in recent discussions of empathy, and then argue that this use of the notion tends to be seriously confused. It typically conflates similarity and sharing and, more generally speaking, fails to recognize that sharing proper involves reciprocity. As part of this critical analysis, we draw on sophisticated analyses of the distinction between empathy and emotional sharing that can be found in early phenomenology. Next, we turn to developmental psychology. Sharing is not simply one thing, but a complex and many-layered phenomenon. By tracing its early developmental trajectory from infancy and beyond, we show how careful psychological observations can help us develop a more sophisticated understanding of sharing than the one currently employed in many discussions in the realm of neuroscience. In our conclusion, we return to the issue of empathy and argue that although empathy does not involve or entail sharing, empathy understood as a basic sensitivity to and understanding of others (rather than as a special prosocial concern for others) might be a precondition for sharing.

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Infant Visual Perception

Cited by 56 publications

References 281 publications

Cortical activation to object shape and speed of motion during the first year

Cortical activation to object shape and speed of motion during the first year

Early Departures from Normative Processes of Social Engagement in Infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Empathy≠sharing: Perspectives from phenomenology and developmental psychology

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