Infant growth charts.

Cooney, K; Pathak, U. N.; Watson, A. H.

doi:10.1136/adc.71.2.159

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Studies have shown that entries on growth charts are frequently plotted incorrectly [4], most often due to miscalculation of the age of the baby, a problem that is confounded in premature babies by the need to correct for their early birth. The growth charts have been derived from measurements made on populations of infants at or very close to birth, both at term and as preterm as 23 weeks for weight and occipitofrontal circumference and 35 weeks for length.…”

Section: Assessment Of Postnatal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and the Premature Baby

2006

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There is considerable evidence to show that babies born prematurely have poor postnatal growth, and the more premature the baby, the greater the impairment is likely to be and the longer it will persist. Nutrition has been shown to play an important part in this, but adequate nutrition is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve in these infants. In the most immature infants, growth retardation may continue for many months and catch-up may be delayed and incomplete. Evidence from long-term studies suggests that preterm infants will be shorter and lighter than term controls and that reduced stature and head size may be linked with lower intelligence. Although there is evidence linking better growth to better neurodevelopmental outcome, with reports suggesting that this can be achieved with dietary manipulation, there are also data that suggest that there could be a link between increased postnatal growth and increased morbidity and mortality in later childhood and adult life. Here, we provide an overview of current understanding of growth impairment in infants born prematurely and the effects in later life.

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Section: Assessment Of Postnatal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and the Premature Baby

2006

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“…The accurate plotting of growth charts appears to be a challenge, as high levels of 231 inaccuracy have been reported by other studies (Cooney, Pathak, & Watson, 1994;de Onis et 232 al., 2004). Our earlier study, using the same plotting exercise with primary care staff in 233 Kenya found that weight was often plotted well above the true level, which might reflect an 234 unconscious wish to present a child's growth positively (Mutoro & Wright, 2013).…”

Section: Discussion 223mentioning

confidence: 98%

Health staff understanding, application, and interpretation of growth charts in Nigeria

Ezeofor

García

Ibeziako

et al. 2016

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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43We aimed to compare plotting accuracy and interpretation of weight gain patterns in average 44 and small infants on Road-to-Health (RTH) and the new WHO growth charts in Enugu, 45Nigeria. Child health staff plotted standard weights on both formats. Twelve plotted charts 46 were created, permutating 3 different weight trajectories (fast, steady, slow) ending at two 47 attained weights (average, small), with each plotted on both chart formats. Respondents 48 were shown four of these charts and asked to describe the weight gain pattern shown and 49 what action this pattern would prompt. There were 222 respondents, of whom 78% were 50 hospital-based; 54% were nurses, 32% medical doctors, and 13% nutritionists. Plotting 51 accuracy was good on both the WHO and RTH charts, but rating of weight gain was 52 generally poor. On the RTH chart, slow weight gain was correctly recognised in only 19% 53 average and 35% small infants and responses were not significantly associated with the 54 pattern shown. On the WHO charts, slow weight gain was correctly recognised in 40% 55 average and 65% small infants (p=0.002 and <0.001), but they were also more likely to rate 56 small children with normal growth as slow weight gain. In a logistic regression model, final 57 weight predicted a slow weight gain rating more strongly (OR=2.4; 1.8 to 3.2) than an actual 58 slow weight gain pattern (OR 1.8; 1.1 to 1.6). Health staff seemed unable to recognize slow 59 weight gain and were influenced more by current weight than actual weight gain pattern, 60 though the new WHO format improved recognition. 61 62

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“…A simple transposition of digits, or an error in plotting is possible. The only published UK audit on plotting accuracy showed that a striking 28.55% of the 611 points for 50 premature infants during their first year, were incorrectly plotted (Cooney et al ., 1994). Most (94.7%) of the errors were with respect to age, either through failure to correctly adjust for gestational age or through misreading of calendar dates, the former of which would not apply to full term babies.…”

Section: Good Practice In Measuring and Recording Baby Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight monitoring of breastfed babies in the UK – centile charts, scales and weighing frequency

Sachs¹,

Dykes²,

Carter³

2005

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Weighing infants during their first 6 months is an important focus of growth monitoring and a common activity of child health care services worldwide. In these same months, health workers provide support for breastfeeding and promote continued exclusive breastfeeding. The literature on the practice of weighing breastfed babies is reviewed, as it applies to the United Kingdom. The shape of the growth curves for breastfed babies differs from that of formula-fed infants and also from centile charts previously in use. The World Health Organization commitment to the production of a new growth reference has generated discussion of the implications of charts in use. The country-specific charts in use in the UK are examined and the data used to construct them discussed with reference to clinical use for breastfed infants. Recent UK discussions on charts, as well as on the frequency of routine weighing for babies in the community are considered, and the available evidence on the accuracy of weighing in practice is noted. The choices made in constructing different charts; the physical condition of scales and their use in practice have implications for plotted growth. This paper aims to present a wide range of evidence available in this area in order to encourage debate on practice. A companion paper will discuss issues of interpretation, conveying information to parents, and interventions.

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Infant growth charts.

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

Growth and the Premature Baby

Growth and the Premature Baby

Health staff understanding, application, and interpretation of growth charts in Nigeria

Weight monitoring of breastfed babies in the UK – centile charts, scales and weighing frequency

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