Infant development in two cultural contexts: Cameroonian Nso farmer and German middle‐class infants

Lohaus, Arnold; Keller, Heidi; Lamm, Bettina; Teubert, Manuel; Faßbender, Ina; Freitag, Claudia; Goertz, Claudia; Graf, Frauke; Kolling, Thorsten; Spangler, Sibylle M.; Vierhaus, Marc; Knopf, Monika; Schwarzer, Gudrun

doi:10.1080/02646838.2011.558074

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Early cross-cultural studies documented variability in sitting onset ages by assessing group differences relative to Western norms. Infants in some African and Caribbean cultures showed accelerated onset ages relative to Western infants (Brazelton, 1973; Capute, Shapiro, Palmer, Ross, & Wachtel, 1985; Hopkins & Westra, 1989, 1990; Iloeje, Obiekwe, & Kaine, 1991; Keefer, Tronick, Dixon, & Brazelton, 1982; Kilbride, Robbins, & Kilbride, 1970; Leiderman, Babu, Kagia, Kraemer, & Leiderman, 1973; Lohaus, et al, 2011; Vierhaus et al, 2011). Whereas Western norms report that 25% of infants achieve independent sitting by 5.5 months and 90% by 7 months (Frankenburg, Dodds, Archer, Shapiro, & Bresnick, 1992), infants in Uganda sat independently at 4 months (Geber & Dean, 1957) and infants from the West Indies sat at 5 months (Hopkins & Westra, 1989); sitting was delayed by months for infants in Brazil (Lopes, de Lima, & Tudella, 2009), Taiwan (Wu et al, 2008), and Japan (Ooki, 2006) relative to Western norms.…”

Section: Cross-cultural Research On Sittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Places and Postures

Karasik

Tamis-LeMonda

Adolph

et al. 2015

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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Motor development—traditionally described in terms of age-related stages—is typically studied in the laboratory with participants of Western European descent. Cross-cultural studies typically focus on group differences in age-related stages relative to Western norms. We adopted a less traditional approach: We observed 5-month-olds and their mothers from six cultural groups around the world during one hour at home while they engaged in natural daily activities. We examined group differences in infants’ sitting proficiency, everyday opportunities to practice sitting, the surfaces on which sitting took place, and mothers’ proximity to sitting infants. Infants had opportunities to practice sitting in varied contexts—including ground, infant chairs, and raised surfaces. Proficiency varied considerably within and between cultural groups: 64% of the sample sat only with support from mother or furniture and 36% sat independently. Some infants sat unsupported for 20+ minutes, in some cases so securely that mothers moved beyond arms’ reach of their infants even while infants sat on raised surfaces. Our observations of infant sitting across cultures provide new insights into the striking range of ability, varied opportunities for practice, and contextual factors that influence the proficiency of infant motor skills.

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Section: Cross-cultural Research On Sittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Places and Postures

Karasik

Tamis-LeMonda

Adolph

et al. 2015

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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“…We therefore compared perceptual priming in 3-year-old German middle-class and Cameroonian Nso farmer children representing a Western industrialized and a traditional farmer society, respectively. These two contexts differ tremendously on dimensions of the underlying socialization model which strongly affects children's daily life experiences leading to differences in the children's performance in diverse explicit memory and cognition tasks (e.g., Borchert, Lamm, Graf, & Knopf, 2013;Lohaus et al, 2011;Suhrke et al, 2014;Teiser et al, 2014;Vierhaus et al, 2011). In choosing those highly diverging cultural contexts, we maximize the possibility of finding differences.…”

Section: Is Perceptual Priming Affected By Culture? a Study With Germmentioning

confidence: 97%

Is Perceptual Priming Affected by Culture? A Study With German Middle-Class and Cameroonian Nso Farmer Children

Vöhringer

Poloczek

Graf

et al. 2015

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

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The authors explored priming in children from different cultural environments with the aim to provide further evidence for the robustness of the priming effect. Perceptual priming was assessed by a picture fragment completion task in 3-year-old German middle-class and Cameroonian Nso farmer children. As expected, 3-year-olds from both highly diverging cultural contexts under study showed a priming effect, and, moreover, the effect was of comparable size in both cultural contexts. Hence, the children profited similarly from priming, which was supported by the nonsignificant interaction between cultural background and identification performance as well as the analysis of absolute difference scores. However, a culture-specific difference regarding the level of picture identification was found in that German middle-class children identified target as well as control pictures with less perceptual information than children in the Nso sample. Explanations for the cross-cultural demonstration of the priming effect as well as for the culturally diverging levels on which priming occurs are discussed.

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“…The applicability and/or validity of the BSITD-3 were studied in African, [46][47][48][49][50] Asian, 51,52 Australian, 53,54 and European infants. 34,[47][48][49][50]55,56 A total of 3467 infants, age range 14 days to 42 months, participated in the eight studies.…”

Section: Bsitd-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[47][48][49][50] The test item with the greatest difference was 'sitting without support', which was passed by 94.5% of Cameroonian infants but only by 6.8% of the German children at 3 months. [47][48][49][50] The test item with the greatest difference was 'sitting without support', which was passed by 94.5% of Cameroonian infants but only by 6.8% of the German children at 3 months.…”

Section: Sub-saharan Africa (Cameroon Nso) Versus Europe (Germany)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…49,50,59 Rural Cameroonian Nso children, compared with middle-class German children, were also less skilled with stairs and this was attributed to the absence of stairs in their environment. Lower fine motor scores observed in rural societies in Malawi, Cameroon, and India were attributed to limited or no exposure to objects such as scissors, peg holes, strings, and beads.…”

Section: Factors Contributing To Motor Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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