Inequality in the distribution of Covid-19 vaccine: a systematic review

Bayati, Mohsen; Noroozi, Rayehe; Ghanbari-Jahromi, Mohadeseh; Jalali, Faride Sadat

doi:10.1186/s12939-022-01729-x

Cited by 93 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(60 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, continued uncertainty about the widespread consequences of long COVID and its implications for public health policy (REC2.9) is an ongoing concern 91,92 . Some innovations, notably vaccines 37,38 , have not been equitably distributed to low-and middle-income countries, and others, such as high-quality facemasks, have not been widely adopted in high-income countries despite their availability 93 . Some recommendations addressing pandemic inequities remain underleveraged; for example, providing more vaccines 94 to countries with a low percentage of people vaccinated (REC6.10).…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have been hindered by interrelated factors that include false information 32 , vaccine hesitancy 33,34 , inconsistent global coordination 35 , and the inequitable distribution of supplies 36 , vaccines 37,38 and treatments 39 . Despite increased levels of trust in science during the pandemic 23,40 , there is information fatigue 4 and waning compliance with those public health and social measures [41][42][43] that remain in place, particularly those that affect daily lives 44 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, during periods of high community transmission, needs for services continue to exceed the capacity of many health systems 45 , which also are challenged by ongoing risks to the health of their workers [46][47][48] . Furthermore, long-standing social inequities have caused some populations to experience greater risk of COVID-19 infection, severe disease and death 37 . Many of these populations continue to have less access to COVID-19 vaccines 37,49 and treatment 39 , as well as to resources to mitigate the mental health, social and economic consequences of the pandemic [50][51][52] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, long-standing social inequities have caused some populations to experience greater risk of COVID-19 infection, severe disease and death 37 . Many of these populations continue to have less access to COVID-19 vaccines 37,49 and treatment 39 , as well as to resources to mitigate the mental health, social and economic consequences of the pandemic [50][51][52] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

Lazarus

Romero²,

Kopka³

et al. 2022

Nature

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic and behavioural factors continue to undercut the response to the COVID-19 pandemic1,2. Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel of 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government and other experts in COVID-19 response from 112 countries and territories to recommend specific actions to end this persistent global threat to public health. The panel developed a set of 41 consensus statements and 57 recommendations to governments, health systems, industry and other key stakeholders across six domains: communication; health systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment and care; and inequities. In the wake of nearly three years of fragmented global and national responses, it is instructive to note that three of the highest-ranked recommendations call for the adoption of whole-of-society and whole-of-government approaches1, while maintaining proven prevention measures using a vaccines-plus approach2 that employs a range of public health and financial support measures to complement vaccination. Other recommendations with at least 99% combined agreement advise governments and other stakeholders to improve communication, rebuild public trust and engage communities3 in the management of pandemic responses. The findings of the study, which have been further endorsed by 184 organizations globally, include points of unanimous agreement, as well as six recommendations with >5% disagreement, that provide health and social policy actions to address inadequacies in the pandemic response and help to bring this public health threat to an end.

show abstract

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

Lazarus

Romero²,

Kopka³

et al. 2022

Nature

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite international initiatives for equitable sharing agreements such as the COVID-19 Global Vaccine Access (COVAX) program [16,17], vaccine nationalism has largely superseded global equity efforts. Indeed, the differences in terms of COVID-19 vaccines doses, administered across countries grouped by income levels, are staggering [18][19][20][21]. These inequities have potentially enormous effects on the economies and future health of lower middle and low income countries (LMIC) [11,12,[22][23][24][25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the impact of COVID-19 vaccine allocation inequities: a modeling study

Gozzi

Chinazzi

Dean

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Access to COVID-19 vaccines on the global scale has been drastically impacted by structural socio-economic inequities. Here, we develop a data-driven, age-stratified epidemic model to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 vaccine inequities in twenty lower middle and low income countries (LMIC) sampled from all WHO regions. We focus on the first critical months of vaccine distribution and administration, exploring counterfactual scenarios where we assume the same per capita daily vaccination rate reported in selected high income countries. We estimate that, in this high vaccine availability scenario, more than 50% of deaths (min-max range: 56%-99%) that occurred in the analyzed countries could have been averted. We further consider a scenario where LMIC had similarly early access to vaccine doses as high income countries; even without increasing the number of doses, we estimate an important fraction of deaths (min-max range: 7%-73%) could have been averted. In the absence of equitable allocation, the model suggests that considerable additional non-pharmaceutical interventions would have been required to offset the lack of vaccines (min-max range: 15%-75%). Overall, our results quantify the negative impacts of vaccines inequities and call for amplified global efforts to provide better access to vaccine programs in low and lower middle income countries

show abstract

COVID‐19 pandemic and socio‐environmental inequality: A narrative review

Kalankesh

Rezaei

Mohammadpour

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims The COVID‐19 pandemic has provided preliminary evidence of the existence of health, social, and environmental inequalities. This inequality encompasses inadequate access to safe water, clean air, and wastewater management, as well as limited socioeconomic and educational opportunities. These issues have not received sufficient attention during the pandemic. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of the existing literature on a specific topic, ultimately leading to a conclusion based on the evidence presented. Methods The search methodology for this study involved conducting comprehensive searches of scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, LILACS, and Google Scholar, from 2019 to 2023. The study focused on a specific theme and its relevant aspects related to global environmental health and society. Keywords such as COVID‐19, inequities, and environmental health were used for searching. Additionally, the Boolean operator “AND” was used to combine these descriptors. Results Unequal exposure to air pollution has been reported in Africa, as well as in large parts of Asia and Latin America, according to the data that has been obtained. The pandemic has also resulted in a surge in healthcare waste generation, exacerbating the environmental impact of solid waste. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating significant disparities in the severe lack of access to sanitation services between developing nations and low‐income regions. The issues related to water availability, accessibility, and quality are subject to debate. It has been reported that SARS‐CoV‐2 is present not only in untreated/raw water, but also in water bodies that act as reservoirs. Moreover, insufficient education, poverty, and low household income have been identified as the most significant risk factors for COVID‐19 infection and mortality. Conclusion It is evident that addressing socio‐environmental inequality and striving to narrow the gap by prioritizing vulnerable populations are imperative.

show abstract

Inequality in the distribution of Covid-19 vaccine: a systematic review

Cited by 93 publications

References 46 publications

A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

Estimating the impact of COVID-19 vaccine allocation inequities: a modeling study

COVID‐19 pandemic and socio‐environmental inequality: A narrative review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About