Inequality, Democracy, and the Inclusionary Turn in Latin America

Kapiszewski, Diana; Yashar, Deborah J.

doi:10.1017/9781108895835.002

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 416 publications

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“…Our comparison also contributes to the emerging literature on the legacies of the left turn in Latin America and debates about Latin America's new "inclusionary turn" (Balán and Montambeault 2020;Kapiszewski et al 2021). An examination of Uruguay and Bolivia supports the idea that if one analyzes the nature of party-society linkages, including the ambiguities and dynamic interactions among collective actors, there here are striking similarities in the forces that explain performance between cases usually classified in different typological boxes-and striking differences between cases usually grouped as belonging to the same camp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Over the past three decades, Latin America has experienced a "new inclusionary turn." Although this turn has been marked by expanding recognition, access, and resources for popular sectors (Kapiszewski et al 2021), lower-class exclusion remains the Achilles heel of Latin American democracies (Benza and Kessler 2020). "Outsiders" are increasingly included in social policy (Garay 2016), but equality in outcomes remains elusive.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empowering Inclusion? The Two Sides of Party-Society Linkages in Latin America

Anria

Bogliaccini

2022

St Comp Int Dev

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This article investigates why, in two different political and institutional contexts, leftist governing parties became agents of empowered inclusion, boosting the capacity of subordinate social actors to shape the agenda of politics and allowing them to push social policy in an inclusionary direction. To explain how and why this happened, it highlights the ambiguous nature of party-society linkages. While societal ties are necessary for sustained significant progress in social and political inclusion, they can also block the later consolidation of achievements. This happens as some groups, once included, block further inclusion. We build our theoretical argument about the two-sided nature of party-society linkages using comparative evidence from Bolivia and Uruguay-two countries where progress toward empowered inclusion has been especially notable in the past two decades. The article contributes to existing scholarship on social and political inclusion by calling for greater attention to the critical but, at times, ambiguous role that the social bases of parties play.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowering Inclusion? The Two Sides of Party-Society Linkages in Latin America

Anria

Bogliaccini

2022

St Comp Int Dev

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“…Civil liberties include the freedom of association and the freedom of speech and expression (McGuire, 2020). The freedom of association ensures that individuals are free to form and participate in groups, either formally or informally, then organise to achieve collective goals (Kapiszewski, Levitsky, & Yashar, 2021). Individuals have the right to join up with others, present their demands, then take action to pursue their demands free from government interference.…”

Section: Social Policies and Political Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Social policies in democratic and authoritarian regimes: comparing the introduction and implementation of the National Rural Employment Guarantee in India and Dibao in China

Béland

Bodruzic³

et al. 2022

J. int. comp. soc. policy

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Research on the welfare state often examines social policies in democratic regimes separately from social policies in authoritarian regimes. Two bodies of research have emerged, as the extant literature views these political systems as sufficiently distinct to merit the division of analysis. In this article, we challenge the existing approach by showing that differing regime types can indeed be analysed together. By looking for patterns of similarities, rather than differences, we bring the two literatures into conversation and show how a common factor can trigger social policy expansion in both regime types. Using case studies of India and China, the two most populous democratic and authoritarian regimes, this article illustrates how the expansion of policies that serve low-income groups – India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee (NREGA) and China’s Minimum Livelihood Guarantee Scheme (dibao) – were both prompted by social mobilisation.

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“…Focusing on changes in citizenship regimes, as well as the availability of political associational spaces and networks that bridge communities as central for understanding variation in Indigenous mobilization in the region, Yashar not only advanced comparative historical methods, but also framed Indigenous struggles against neoliberal citizenship as central to debates on democratic inclusion. This concern is reflected in her most recent book (2021), co-edited with Diana Kapiszewski and Steven Levitsky, which highlights, among other things, the relationship between social mobilization and inclusionary reforms in Latin America. Coming full circle, the book is dedicated to David Collier and Ruth Berins Collier (who mentored the editors and most of the contributors in the volume), and to their legacy for the study of political inclusion and democracy in Latin America.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%