Industrializing precast productions

Abstract

Building in heavy rain is seldom beneficial, but common practice on site. It promotes inaccuracies and impairs the use of modern but sensible high‐performance materials and costs time, since disruption in construction frequently causes complicated returns to the planning process. Nevertheless, a handcrafted production process is still considered the one and only alternative since all buildings are unique and thus must be manually constructed on site. Indeed? The priority program entitled “Adaptive modularized constructions made in a flux” funded by the German Research Foundation follows a completely new approach. Buildings are divided into similar modular precast concrete elements, prefabricated in flow production, quality‐assured, and just‐in‐time assembled on site. Comparable to puzzles with many pieces, the uniqueness of the structure is maintained. The motto is: “Individuality on a large scale‐similarity on a small scale”. The contribution presents approaches of modularization, production concepts, and linking digital models. Serial, stationary prefabrication enables short production times and resource‐efficient modules that are assembled to load‐bearing structures with low geometrical deviations. Stringent digitalization ensures high quality of all intermediate steps. These comprise fabrication, assembly, and the whole service life of the structure. The result is a lean production process.

Fertigungstoleranzen von Betonfertigteilen für die modulare Bauweise

“…Diese Verschwendung von Material, Zeit und humanitärer Arbeitskraft sollte vermieden werden [3]. Ein Lösungsansatz ist die Modulbauweise, in der Tragwerke in viele gleiche (oder ähnliche) Betonbauteile (Module) segmentiert werden, die in serieller Fertigung adaptiv, qualitätsgesichert und automatisiert vorgefertigt werden [4][5][6][7]. Sie können zudem formoptimiert [8] und somit ressourceneffizient [9,10] produziert und auf der Baustelle nur noch montiert wer-den.…”

Steel fiber reinforced concrete tensile testing with eliminated lateral wall effect

“…The threaded rod at the top ( 5) is clamped in the hydraulic jaws of the testing From there, the load is transferred in a trusslike manner via two 10 mm thick plates (3) or one 20 mm thick plate (4), respectively. These plates transfer the load evenly to two lateral threaded rods (1) and into clamping plates (2). By friction, the force is then introduced into the test specimen (7) clamped with four threaded rods (6).…”

“…New construction processes are needed to meet these demands. A decisive step in this direction can be the quality‐robust series prefabrication of reinforced concrete components 1,2 . However, the cost of placing reinforcement remains high.…”

CAD‐integrated parametric modular construction design

“…For modular construction mostly two design avenues are applied: bottom-up and top-down. 5,6 While bottom-up is using available segments to build up an entire structure or building, top-down is mostly referring to the split of the structure in smaller modules. Those may be repetitive or unique.…”