Industrialization Trajectories in Madagascar’s Export Apparel Industry: Ownership, Embeddedness, Markets, and Upgrading

Morris, Mike; Staritz, Cornelia

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.10.030

“…Suppliers from China, India and Turkey, however, are more diversified with a variety of different end markets, including domestic and regional (Frederick and Gereffi 2011). In the case of Madagascan apparel, ownership has been suggested to be key for chain switching, with European/French-diaspora and Mauritian-owned firms better able to adapt to diminished US market access by expanding in European and South African markets, while Asian-owned firms exited (Morris and Staritz 2014). Moreover, in the South Korean animation industry, there is considerable segmentation of suppliers between the Japanese and American end markets, relating not just to differences in style demanded, but also to the forms of competition in the chains (closed vs open) and capital investment required (low vs high) (Lee 2017).…”

Section: Reconsidering Upgrading Within Polycentric Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Global value chains and the rise of the Global South: unpacking twenty‐first century polycentric trade

Horner

¹

,

Nadvi

²

2017

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“…industry dynamics and governance structures in specific production networks as well as on institutional, macro and policy contexts (Morris/Staritz 2014;Smith et al 2014). …”

Section: Institutional Context Macro Policies and Upgrading Compleximentioning

confidence: 99%

Global competition, institutional context and regional production networks: up- and downgrading experiences in Romania’s apparel industry

Plank¹,

Staritz²

2015

CAMRES

Self Cite

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Index of Figures and Tables AbstractRegional suppliers still play an important role in the global apparel industry. By studying the experience of Romania's apparel sector, the paper highlights, first, the importance of multiscalar institutional, macro and policy contexts in analyzing the articulation of and up-and downgrading experiences in global production networks. These include the Multi-Fibre Arrangement, EU trade agreements and accession, the global economic crisis, and the specific institutional and policy context of post-Socialism. Second, the paper stresses the existence of diverse, non-linear and uneven up-and downgrading trajectories and of reactive adaptation rather than pro-active firm strategies. This questions the ideal upgrading account often portrayed in chain and network research.

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“…Collective efficiency and tacit knowledge acquired through inter-firm linkages can support smaller firms in particular (reference) and the role of national institutions, including research centers, trade associations and aspects of a businessenabling environment are not to be underestimated (Morris and Staritz 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and social upgrading dynamics in global manufacturing value chains: A comparative analysis

Bernhardt¹,

Pollak

²

2015

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Recent decades have witnessed an increasing integration of developing countries into global value chains (GVCs). This growing participation in global production sharing has raised hopes for economic upgrading within such value chains. However, globalization has intensified international competition, and achieving economic upgrading is not an easy task. Moreover, the social consequences of participating in GVCs are not always positive; however, they have received considerably less attention in the literature. This paper suggests a simple and parsimonious approach to measuring economic and social upgrading (and downgrading) in GVCs. Applying this parsimonious methodology and using quantitative secondary data, we analyze how widespread upgrading has been in four selected manufacturing GVCs: apparel, wood furniture, automotive, and mobile phones. We also investigate to what extent downgrading is part of the reality and undertake a comparative analysis across GVCs, regions and country groups (developing vs. developed countries). We find that the promise of industrial upgrading through participation in GVCs does not materialize for everyone. Indeed, economic upgrading has taken place in just over a quarter of the countries in our sample, among them mainly developing countries. Finally, we examine the relationship between economic performance and social performance in the different GVCs to investigate whether or not economic upgrading is typically associated with social upgrading. While patterns differ across GVCs, we find that economic upgrading is more likely to occur simultaneously with social upgrading than without, and vice versa. Our analysis, thus, suggests that economic upgrading is conducive to, but not sufficient for, social upgrading to occur. Terms of use: Documents in

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Industrialization Trajectories in Madagascar’s Export Apparel Industry: Ownership, Embeddedness, Markets, and Upgrading

Cited by 57 publications

References 24 publications

Global value chains and the rise of the Global South: unpacking twenty‐first century polycentric trade

Global value chains and the rise of the Global South: unpacking twenty‐first century polycentric trade

Global competition, institutional context and regional production networks: up- and downgrading experiences in Romania’s apparel industry

Economic and social upgrading dynamics in global manufacturing value chains: A comparative analysis

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