Industrial vegetable oil by-products increase the ductility of polylactide

Ruellan, Alexandre; Guinault, Alain; Sollogoub, Cyrille; Chollet, Guillaume; Ait-Mada, Aziza; Ducruet, Violette; Domenek, Sandra

doi:10.3144/expresspolymlett.2015.98

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Unsaturated fatty acid molecules such as linoleic acid ( T ° melt = −14 and −7 °C) or oleic acid ( T ° melt = 13 °C) are liquid at room temperature, while saturated ones such as palmitic acid ( T ° melt = 63 °C) are crystallized. Blending of PLA with about 8 wt% PODC decreased T g only by 14 °C, which is caused by the low miscibility of both compounds …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore deodorizer distillates are possibly a price‐competitive additive for PLA. Ruellan et al showed recently that the addition of 15 wt% palm oil deodorization condensate (PODC; or palm oil deodorizer distillate) allowed for an increase of PLA elongation at break up to 180%, while conserving PLA stiffness and glass transition temperature ( T g ) higher than room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palm oil deodorizer distillate as toughening agent in polylactide packaging films

Ruellan

Ducruet

Gratia³

et al. 2016

Polymer International

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Polylactide (PLA) is the most used biodegradable and biobased food packaging polymer for rigid containers and films. However, its low ductility is a hurdle for increasing its applications in flexible food packaging. A solution is the use of additives. Palm oil deodorizer distillate (PODC) is revealed to be an excellent additive promoting PLA ductility. PODC is a by-product of vegetable oil refining, which is available in stable quality and in sufficient amounts. Amorphous PLA/PODC blends had an elongation at break of around 130% and that of semi-crystalline blends was still around 55% compared to the initial 5% of neat PLA. At the same time the PLA rigidity and high glass transition temperatures were kept. PODC was also a very efficient processing aid, allowing for film blow extrusion. The blends were stable in properties during six months without exudation. They complied with legal norms of Food Contact Materials (EU 10/2011) and induced no sensorial alteration of packed food. Therefore PODC is a very interesting alternative to common plasticizers for the production of flexible PLA packaging films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palm oil deodorizer distillate as toughening agent in polylactide packaging films

Ruellan

Ducruet

Gratia³

et al. 2016

Polymer International

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“…These natural‐origin plasticizers are still more interesting for environmentally friendly polymers as they allow to obtain fully compostable formulations. In the last years it has been reported the effectiveness of some vegetable oil‐derived plasticizers (epoxidized vegetable oils, maleinized vegetable oils) as plasticizers for some compostable polymers with a remarkable increase in toughness and thermal stability . Moreover, these plasticizers show some additional advantages that make them still more interesting for industrial formulations for different reasons: they are obtained from renewable resources, they have been reported to be disintegrable in compost soil, they are more respectful with environment than conventional petroleum‐based plasticizers, they are readily available at large‐scale and finally, they can be obtained in huge amounts at cost‐effective prices .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last years it has been reported the effectiveness of some vegetable oil-derived plasticizers (epoxidized vegetable oils, maleinized vegetable oils) as plasticizers for some compostable polymers with a remarkable increase in toughness and thermal stability. [31,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Moreover, these plasticizers show some additional advantages that make them still more interesting for industrial formulations for different reasons: they are obtained from renewable resources, they have been reported to be disintegrable in compost soil, they are more respectful with environment than conventional petroleum-based plasticizers, they are readily available at large-scale and finally, they can be obtained in huge amounts at cost-effective prices. [35] Currently, these epoxidized vegetable oils are widely used as secondary plasticizers and stabilizers for industrial polyvinyl chloride (PVC) formulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Mechanical Ductile Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Using Vegetable Oil Derivatives

Garcia‐Garcia

Fenollar

Fombuena

et al. 2016

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

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Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate), P3HB is a thermoplastic polyester synthesized from bacterial fermentation with potential uses in packaging due to its biodegradability. Nevertheless, P3HB is a fragile material and its processing temperature window is very narrow which restricts its use. This study explores the potential of vegetable oil‐derived plasticizers, i.e., maleinized linseed oil (MLO) and an epoxidized fatty acid ester (EFAE) in the 5–20 phr range as environmentally friendly solutions for P3HB industrial formulations with improved toughness. The results show that optimum balance between ductile properties is achieved with low plasticizer content (5 phr) for both plasticizer types. Elongation at break and the impact resistance are increased by 28 and 71% respectively after addition of 5 phr MLO. With regard to EFAE, the elongation at break is improved by 40% and the impact resistance is increased to twice the value of P3HB. Another effect that both plasticizers provide is the thermal stabilization with a delay in the onset degradation temperature.

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“…Blending with other monomers or polymers is easily processed and effective in toughening PLA. Vegetable oils and their derivatives including epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) are attractive materials in blending with PLA due to their flexible molecular chains [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, the toughening efficiency is prevented by the immiscibility of these derivatives with PLA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing performance of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO)/poly(lactic acid) composites: Synergistic effects of carbon nanotubes and tannic acid-induced crosslinking of ESO

Liu¹,

Qiu²,

Fei³

et al. 2019

Express Polym. Lett.

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Highly tough and biobased epoxidized soybean oil (ESO)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends were formulated through in-situ formation of tannic acid-crosslinked ESO (TA-c-ESO) oligomer as a dispersed phase with PLA matrix by dynamic vulcanization technique. To repair the sacrificial strength of the blends and endow the composites with electrical conductivity, different concentrations of CNTs, i.e., 0.5 to 10 wt%, were incorporated into the TA-c-ESO/PLA blends to prepare CNT/TAc-ESO/PLA nanocomposites. The added CNTs selectively localized within the PLA matrix, leading to a reduced size of TAc-ESO phase. The synergistic effects of CNTs and TA-c-ESO phase on the tensile properties, thermal stabilities, crystallization characteristics, and electrical properties of the nanocomposites were fully investigated along with the understanding of CNT reinforcing and TA-c-ESO toughening mechanism. The formation of TA-c-ESO phase significantly increased the fracture elongation and tensile toughness of the blends, while the incorporation of CNTs resulted in increased tensile strength, tensile modulus, and storage modulus of the nanocomposites; the combination of this two effects contributed to the obtained ternary composites with balanced mechanical properties and favorable electrical conductivity.

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Industrial vegetable oil by-products increase the ductility of polylactide

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

Palm oil deodorizer distillate as toughening agent in polylactide packaging films

Palm oil deodorizer distillate as toughening agent in polylactide packaging films

Improvement of Mechanical Ductile Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Using Vegetable Oil Derivatives

Balancing performance of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO)/poly(lactic acid) composites: Synergistic effects of carbon nanotubes and tannic acid-induced crosslinking of ESO

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