Industrial Hemp as a Raw Material for Energy Production

Burczyk, H.; Grabowska, L.; Kołodziej, J.; Strybe, M.

doi:10.1080/15377880801898717

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The results obtained during field experiments and laboratory tests confirmed the hypothesis indicating the necessity of revision of sowing densities and harvest dates for hemp grown for biomass and interested processing industries, or biomass used for energy production (Burczyk et al 2008). Due to the high cellulose content in hemp biomass and straw (about 48%), this raw material should also be used for production of pulp and bioethanol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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Effect of Sowing Density and Date of Harvest on Yields of Industrial Hemp

Burczyk

Grabowska

Strybe

et al. 2009

Journal of Natural Fibers

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Hemp grown for textile applications must be sown at high densities (60-80 kg/ha) and harvested early to obtain fiber of high quality, and the interest in cultivating industrial hemp used for non-textile applications is growing. Broadening the use of hemp as a raw material for specific industrial products and obtaining maximum yields calls for revision of current sowing densities and harvest dates. Therefore, two experiments (A + B) have been carried out in 2004-2006 at the INF Experimental Farm in Petkowo, Poland, near 1roda Wielkopolska. In experiment A, four sowing densities of hemp grown for biomass, straw, panicles, and seed were tested (30, 40, 50, 60 kg/ha). In experiment B, lower sowing densities were compared for hemp grown for seed, panicles, and straw (5, 10, 15, 20 kg/ha). In both experiments, plants were harvested at three periods: beginning of panicle forming, full bloom, and full seed maturity. Panicles were harvested for essential oils. Results of field and laboratory testing confirmed a hypothesis that maximum yields of biomass, straw, cellulose, and fiber can be obtained at lower sowing densities (30 kg/ha) harvested at full bloom. When growing hemp for seed or panicles, the highest yields were obtained when hemp was sown at 10-20 kg/ha and harvested at full maturity of panicles. Following the results of the study, the norms for sowing hemp for non-textile applications used in agricultural practices require verification to increase yields of raw materials from 1 ha and to improve competitiveness of industrial products.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Seed yields shown in Figure 4 were obtained in laboratory conditions with no losses, when practically up to 50% of seeds can be lost during harvest operations. Therefore, making decisions about double use of yields should be supported by an accurate economic balance (Burczyk et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sowing Density and Date of Harvest on Yields of Industrial Hemp

Burczyk

Grabowska

Strybe

et al. 2009

Journal of Natural Fibers

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“…Hemp is also extremely resistant, perfectly adapt to different climatic conditions. They grow on almost any soil and can improve its quality, are not susceptible to various pests and do not require the use of plant protection products, and 1 ha of hemp binds around 2.5 t CO 2 [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Enzymatic Treatment of Hemp Biomass for Bioethanol Production

2019

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In this study chemical and enzymatic treatment of hemp biomass were optimized to obtain maximum ethanol production. In the first stage, physical and chemical pretreatment of hemp biomass was carried out. It was found that the Tygra variety is susceptible to alkaline treatment at an optimum concentration of 2% NaOH. Next, the effect of NaOH on the value of reducing sugars and the chemical composition of the solid fraction before and after the treatment was determined. Hemp biomass before and after the chemical treatment was analysed by FTIR spectra and SEM. The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis, i.e., substrate content, temperature, time, pH and dose of enzyme by means of Response Surface Methodology on glucose content was determined. The highest glucose value was observed at 50 °C, in time process between 48 and 72 h, and the dose of enzyme was not less than 20 FPU·g−1. After the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis two processes of ethanol fermentation from hemp biomass, SHF and SSF, were carried out. In the SHF process a 40% higher concentration of ethanol was obtained (10.51 g/L). In conclusion, hemp biomass was found to be an interesting and promising source to be used for bioethanol production.

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“…Despite its thousands of uses, hemp by-products' potential as an energy feedstock is yet to be examined in depth. To date, few works have identified industrial hemp as an energy crop (for instance, a potential energy crop to produce bioenergy in [20]; ethanol production in [21,22]; methyl ester production in [23]; pyrolysis feedstock in [24]; biomass for thermochemical processes in [5]; combustion in [25,26]; co-firing in coal and peat power stations in [27]; and gasification or co-firing in [28]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for Green Energy through Emerging Crops: Biogas Valorization of Cannabis sativa L. Residues

Asquer

Melis

Scano

et al. 2019

Climate

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The present work shows the experimental evidence carried out on a pilot scale and demonstrating the potential of Cannabis sativa L. by-products for biogas production through anaerobic digestion. While the current state-of-the-art tests on anaerobic digestion feasibility are carried out at the laboratory scale, the here described tests were carried out at a pilot-to-large scale. An experimental campaign was carried out on hemp straw residues to assess the effective performance of this feedstock in biogas production by reproducing the real operating conditions of an industrial plant. An organic loading rate was applied according to two different amounts of hemp straw residues (3% wt/wt and 5% wt/wt). Also, specific bioenhancers were used to maximize biogas production. When an enzymatic treatment was not applied, a higher amount of hemp straw residues determined an increase of the median values of the gas production rate of biogas of 92.1%. This reached 116.6% when bioenhancers were applied. The increase of the specific gas production of biogas due to an increment of the organic loading rate (5% wt/wt) was +77.9% without enzymatic treatment and it was +129.8% when enzymes were used. The best management of the biodigester was found in the combination of higher values of hemp straw residues coupled with the enzymatic treatment, reaching 0.248 Nm 3 ·kg volatile solids −1 of specific biogas production. Comparisons were made between the biogas performance obtained within the present study and those found in the literature review coming from studies on a laboratory scale, as well as those related to the most common energy crops. The hemp straw performance was similar to those provided by previous studies on a laboratory scale. Values reported in the literature for other lignocellulosic crops are close to those of this work. Based on the findings, biogas production can be improved by using bioenhancers. Results suggest an integration of industrial hemp straw residues as complementary biomass for cleaner production and to contribute to the fight against climate change.

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Industrial Hemp as a Raw Material for Energy Production

Cited by 40 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of Sowing Density and Date of Harvest on Yields of Industrial Hemp

Effect of Sowing Density and Date of Harvest on Yields of Industrial Hemp

Chemical and Enzymatic Treatment of Hemp Biomass for Bioethanol Production

Opportunities for Green Energy through Emerging Crops: Biogas Valorization of Cannabis sativa L. Residues

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