Industrial Aromatic Chemistry

Abstract

Title of the original German edition: Industrielle Aromatenchemie. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1987. ISBN 3-540-18146-6The cover shows the tar refinery of Rutgerswerke in Castrop-Rauxel,

Pyrolysis of waste tyres: A review

“…For example, benzene is used to produce derivatives such as ethylbenzene, cyclohexane and cumene which are used for the production of plastics, resins, fibres, surfactants, dyestuffs and pharmaceuticals (Franck and Stadelhofer, 1988). Toluene is used in the production of pesticides, dyestuffs, surfactants and solvents.…”

“…Styrene is used in the production of plastic materials and is also used to make synthetic rubber and other polymers. Limonene is used for example, in the formulation of industrial solvents, resins and adhesives and for the production of fragrances and flavourings (Pakdel et al, 1992;(Franck and Stadelhofer, 1988). increased from 450 to 650°C (Pakdel et al, 1992, Cunliffe andWilliams, 1998a) Vacuum pyrolysis of tyres has shown a yield of limonene of 3.6 wt.% of feedstock tyre, but on distillation yields of 15 wt% of limonene were found in the naphtha fraction which constituted 26.8% of the total pyrolysis oil (Pakdel et al, 1992(Pakdel et al, , 2001) Stanciulescu and Ikura (2006) also distilled tyre pyrolysis oil produced from an ablative reactor system and reported that vacuum distillation of the oil produced a naphtha yield of 25.5 wt% containing 16.3 wt.% limonene.…”

Chlorophenols in organic synthesis

“…Такие соеди-нения, как правило, синтезируют с по-мощью традиционных реакций по ме-ханизму Фриделя -Крафтса. Реакции включают в себя работу с опасными реагентами и не идут с использовани-ем аренов, содержащих электроноак-цепторные заместители [15][16][17].…”

“…These compounds are synthesized usually under using reactions on the Friedel-Crafts mechanism. The reactions include dangerous reagents and does not work with the use of arenes containing electron-withdrawing substituents [15][16][17].…”

Friedel Crafts Acylation of Anisole With Modified Zeolites

“…Acylation of aromatic compounds is one of the vital reactions for producing aromatic acylated ketones which were used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals like Ibuprofen, fine chemicals, fragrances and agrochemicals [1][2][3][4]. The use of traditional Lewis acid type catalyst like AlCl 3 , FeCl 3 and anhydrous metal halides and bronsted acid catalysts like HF, polyphosphoric acid , sulfuric acid etc lead to undesirable products thereby being environmentally non-benign with serious waste disposal, corrosion and material handling issues.…”