Industrial accidents triggered by flood events: Analysis of past accidents

Cozzani, Valerio; Campedel, Michela; Renni, Elisabetta; Elisabeth, Krausmann

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.033

Cited by 162 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The lack of standardized reporting and record keeping of Natechs makes it very difficult to find completed data on the causes, the evolution and the potential consequences of these events. Therefore, several analyses of accidents triggered by floods reported in the major industrial accident databases have been done in order to understand the dynamics of these events [4,9].…”

Section: Methodology For the Development Of Bow-ties As A Main Tool Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are divided into several functional units of the industry: storage units, (un)loading units, pipe networks and process units. For the purpose of this article, we will only be considering the critical equipment presented in table 1, representing some of the equipment proposed by ARAMIS and corresponding to the equipment categories most frequently damaged by floods according to studies of past accidents [9]. Studies on past accidents triggered by floods [4,[9][10][11]] also show that depending on levels of flood severity, flood water can induce different categories of structural damage to critical equipment.…”

Section: Structural Damages Of Critical Equipment and Release Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purpose of this article, we will only be considering the critical equipment presented in table 1, representing some of the equipment proposed by ARAMIS and corresponding to the equipment categories most frequently damaged by floods according to studies of past accidents [9]. Studies on past accidents triggered by floods [4,[9][10][11]] also show that depending on levels of flood severity, flood water can induce different categories of structural damage to critical equipment. Therefore, building on the French land-use planning for the flood-prone areas (in French: PPRi: Plan de Prévention du Risque inondation) that produced intensity scales for the flood hazard, we divided the flood hazard severity into three classes: low, intermediate and high.…”

Section: Structural Damages Of Critical Equipment and Release Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The severity classes are defined by two parameters: water height and water velocity (table 2). The different categories of structural damage to critical equipment affect the intensity of the release of hazmat, according to the studies of past accidents [9,11,12]. Consequently, three release categories (intensity of LOC) are identified: R1: The instantaneous release of the complete inventory; R2: The continuous release of the complete inventory in a limited time lapse; R3: Minor leaks.…”

Section: Structural Damages Of Critical Equipment and Release Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of generic scenarios of industrial accidents triggered by floods: a first step toward decreasing the vulnerability of industrial facilities

Hajj¹,

Piatyszek²,

Laforest³

2012

Risk Analysis VIII

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Interactions between natural events and industrial installations may lead to dangerous phenomena such as: fires, explosions, or toxic dispersions. The industrial sector is often unprepared for these Natech events, increasing its vulnerability. The final purpose of this study is to help industrial facilities to decrease their vulnerability to accidents triggered by floods. In order to attain this objective, the present article deals with the development of reference bowties that reconfigure the scenarios of these accidents. According to bibliographical research, Natech events are mainly caused by the releases of hazardous materials. This means that flood water can affect numerous parts of an industrial installation but only equipment in which hazardous substances can be found, are critical: storage units, process units and pipe networks. It is their damage that causes the LOC (Loss of Containment), responsible for generating dangerous phenomena. Studies on past accidents also showed that depending on the levels of flood severity, flood water can cause different categories of structural damage to critical equipment and thus affect the intensity of the LOC. Consequently, for each critical equipment identified, a list of structural damages (critical events) is associated depending on three levels of flood severity. Then, for each critical event, a bow-tie is elaborated. The development of nine generic bow-ties is the first step of a three step methodology of risk assessment aiming at the development of a checklist to be used in order to decrease the vulnerability of facilities to accidents triggered by floods.

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Section: Methodology For the Development Of Bow-ties As A Main Tool Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Damages Of Critical Equipment and Release Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Damages Of Critical Equipment and Release Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Damages Of Critical Equipment and Release Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of generic scenarios of industrial accidents triggered by floods: a first step toward decreasing the vulnerability of industrial facilities

Hajj¹,

Piatyszek²,

Laforest³

2012

Risk Analysis VIII

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“…All over the globe Natech accidents have occurred in the wake of natural hazards and disasters and have resulted in the release of hazardous substances leading to fatalities, injuries, environmental pollution and economic losses (e.g. Krausmann et al, 2010;Cozzani et al, 2010;Cruz and Krausmann, 2009;Steinberg and Cruz, 2004;Young et al, 2004; Correspondence to: E. Krausmann (elisabeth.krausmann@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Lindell and Perry, 1997). A recent analysis of selected chemical-accident databases showed that approximately 2-5% of the accidents with hazardous-substance releases reported in these databases were triggered by natural events (Campedel, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial accidents triggered by natural hazards: an emerging risk issue

Elisabeth

Cozzani

Salzano

et al. 2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The threat of natural hazards impacting chemical facilities and infrastructures with the subsequent release of hazardous substances has been recognised as an emerging risk which is likely to be exacerbated by the ongoing climate change. Within the European FP7 project iNTeg-Risk, efforts are dedicated to address the problem of Natech accidents by trying to understand their underlying causes and by developing methodologies and tools to assess Natech risk. Special attention is thereby given to the risk of chemical accidents triggered by earthquakes, floods and lightning. This work outlines the ongoing efforts in the development of new concepts and tools for Natech hazard and vulnerability ranking, risk assessment, risk-based design, and emergency planning and early warning.

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Review of Process Industry Accidents Analysis towards Safety System Improvement and Sustainable Process Design

et al. 2019

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Risk assessment is the tool for maintaining perfect safety management systems and aiding sustainable process design, with hazard identification as the critical step. This step can be executed by past accidents analysis (PAA) to achieve the mentioned objectives. Despite of available analyses, the recurring of accidents identifies the shortcomings in PAA and requires a detailed examination as reported in this review. The intensified exploration of accident information will strengthen both the safety management system at existing facilities and process designing in terms of sustainability.

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Industrial accidents triggered by flood events: Analysis of past accidents

Cited by 162 publications

References 8 publications

Development of generic scenarios of industrial accidents triggered by floods: a first step toward decreasing the vulnerability of industrial facilities

Development of generic scenarios of industrial accidents triggered by floods: a first step toward decreasing the vulnerability of industrial facilities

Industrial accidents triggered by natural hazards: an emerging risk issue

Review of Process Industry Accidents Analysis towards Safety System Improvement and Sustainable Process Design

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