We present an inductively coupled-plasma reactive-ion etching process that simultaneously provides both a high etch rate and unprecedented selectivity for gallium phosphide (GaP) in the presence of aluminum gallium phosphide (Al x Ga1−xP). Utilizing mixtures of silicon tetrachloride (SiCl 4 ) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), selectivities exceeding 2700:1 are achieved at GaP etch rates above 3000 nm min −1 . A design of experiments has been employed to investigate the influence of the inductively coupled-plasma power, the chamber pressure, the DC bias and the ratio of SiCl 4 to SF 6 . The process enables the use of thin Al x Ga1−xP stop layers even at aluminum contents of a few percent.