Induction, Purification and Characterization of Chitinases from Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Leaves and Pods Infected with Ascochyta rabiei

Nehra, Kiran; Chugh, L. K.; Dhillon, Santosh; Singh, Randhir

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80983-1

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…IR58 exhibited an increase in chitinase activity only 36 h following inoculation. Similar observations have been reported previously in other plants demonstrating that chitinase activity in resistant cultivars was higher and accumulated earlier than in susceptible cultivars (Rasmussen et al 1992;Ignatius et al 1994;Neha et al 1994). In rice, Anuratha et al (1996) detected more isozymes and higher concentrations of chitinases in moderately resistant cultivars compared to a susceptible cultivar 24 h after infection with R. solani.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Chitinase levels in rice cultivars correlate with resistance to the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

et al. 2007

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Various rice cultivars were selected and screened for their reaction to sheath blight in the greenhouse. Cluster analysis of percent relative lesion height (% RLH) generated four groups of cultivars with a coefficient of similarity of 3.27. Chitinase activities were detected 24 h after inoculation of moderately resistant cvs Betichikon, Dudruchi, Khatochalani, Padi Pulut Malat, Kakua, IR72, Khakibinni. But in the susceptible cv. IR58, chitinase activity was detected only 36 h after inoculation. Western blot analysis showed that class 1 and class 2 chitinases were induced following Rhizoctonia solani infection of these cultivars. The % RLH and the number of infection cushions were negatively correlated with the level of chitinase activity. Moderately resistant rice cultivars had higher levels of chitinase activity and lower disease severity and numbers of infection cushions formed compared to IR58.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Chitinase levels in rice cultivars correlate with resistance to the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

et al. 2007

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“…2 Progress in Ascochyta blight development in chickpea cultivars at different growth stages Sharma 1998), activity of chitinase and exochitinase (Nehra et al 1997), phytoalexins, namely maackianan and their biosynthesic bioenzymes, lytic protein enzymes and other PR proteins (Hanselle and Barz 2001) may be responsible for delayed symptom appearance and lower severity in post seedling to vegetative growth stages. AB infection was also found to be less on leaves than on stems at each growth stage, suggesting different resistant genes may have operated in stems and leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of growth stages of chickpea on the genetic resistance of Ascochyta blight

2010

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Ascochyta blight (AB, Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab.) is one of the most important foliar disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), globally. Chickpea is attacked by AB at any growth stage in cool and humid weather depending on the inoculum availability. However, the disease epidemics are most prominent during the flowering and podding growth stages. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of growth stages of chickpea on the genetic resistance of AB and use this information in a resistance breeding program. Two susceptible and two moderately resistant chickpea cultivars were spray inoculated at seedling (GS1), post-seedling (GS2), vegetative (GS3), flowering (GS4) and podding (GS5) growth stages with A. rabiei conidial suspension under controlled environment conditions. Irrespective of crop cultivars the incubation period (IP) was shorter in GS1, GS4 and GS5 and was significantly extended in GS2 and GS3. Symptom development was delayed significantly in moderately resistant cultivars. The AB severity 10 days after inoculation ranged between 7 and 9 on susceptible cultivars and 3 and 5 on moderately resistant cultivars. Further the correlation coefficient of disease severity between GS1, GS4 and GS5 was highly significant (r=0.95) indicating that, evaluation for resistance to AB can be done at GS 1 (seedling stage), and or GS4 (flowering stage) to GS5 (podding stage) growth stages of chickpea. This supports the evaluation for AB resistance using 10-day-old-seedlings in controlled environment at ICRISAT and adult plant field screening at hot-spot locations in Dhaulakuan and Ludhiana in India.

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“…Chitinase isolated from Bacillus cereus showed broad optimum pH from 4.0 to 10.0 (Trachuk et al, 1996). The optimum temperature for chitinase activity was found to be 40EC which is quite similar to that of the enzyme isolated from tomato leaves and chick pea leaves and pods (Joosten and de wit 1989;Nehra et al, 1994). It is higher than optimum temp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Also, chitinolytic activity in invertebrates (Kono et al, 1990), vertebrates (Han et al, 1997) and microorganism (Chernin et al, 1997;Porfir'eva et al, 1997) had been investigated. Chitinases isolated from chick pea pods and leaves, wheat germ and bean leaves have maximum activities at 45, 50 and 37EC respectively (Molano et al, 1979;Boller et al, 1983;Nehra et al, 1994). The Ms of chitinases isolated from cucumber, barely grains, bean leaves and yam seeds were estimated to be 30×10 3 , 33×10 3 , 27×10 3 and 28×10 3 Dalton respectively (Boller et al, 1983;Tsukamoto et al, 1984;Jacobsen et al, 1990;Majeau et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitinase from Leaves of Beta vulgaris and other Higher Plants

El-Sayed¹,

Salem²,

Shehata³

et al. 2000

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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Abstract:The activity of enzyme hydrolyzing colloidal chitin has been measured on extracts from a number of higher plants belonging to eleven families. Chitinase activity could be detected in dry seeds which increased during germination. Its relationship to different vegetative plant tissues was investigated. Sugar beet leaves (Beta vulgaris) provided the best active chitinase at optimum extracting conditions (extracted with water, at 16EC for 90 min). Chitinase from leaves of sugar beet was purified by (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 precipitation (20-60%) and fractionated on Sephadex G-120 followed by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. A 18.9 fold purification of the enzyme with 14.0 ImU/mg specific activity was achieved. The yield of the purified chitinase was 43.4 mg protein (608 ImU) from 100g dry leaves tissues. The prepared enzyme was showing a single protein band on agarose gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme had been shown to have a M, 64×10 3 Dalton on the basis of gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 column. Optimum chitinase activity on chitin was recorded in 0.1M acetate buffer, pH 4.5 at 40EC.

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Induction, Purification and Characterization of Chitinases from Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Leaves and Pods Infected with Ascochyta rabiei

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Chitinase levels in rice cultivars correlate with resistance to the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Chitinase levels in rice cultivars correlate with resistance to the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Effect of growth stages of chickpea on the genetic resistance of Ascochyta blight

Chitinase from Leaves of Beta vulgaris and other Higher Plants

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