Induction of transforming growth factor-beta 1 by androgen is mediated by reactive oxygen species in hair follicle dermal papilla cells

Abstract

The progression of androgenetic alopecia is closely related to androgen-inducible transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 secretion by hair follicle dermal papilla cells (DPCs) in bald scalp. Physiological levels of androgen exposure were reported to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In this study, rat vibrissae dermal papilla cells (DP-6) transfected with androgen receptor showed increased ROS production following androgen treatment. We confirmed that TGF-β1 secretion is increased by androgen treatment in DP-6, whereas androgeninducible TGF-β1 was significantly suppressed by the ROSscavenger, N-acetyl cysteine. Therefore, we suggest that induction of TGF-β1 by androgen is mediated by ROS in hair follicle DPCs. [BMB Reports 2013; 46(9): 460-464]

Oxidative Stress–Associated Senescence in Dermal Papilla Cells of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

“…Although supraphysiological, similar levels of DHT have been used in other studies (Kwack et al, 2008, Shin et al, 2013. Indeed, Inui et al (2002) showed that cultured DPC lose AR expression in culture and in their study they had to transfect their DPC with AR to show stimulation of TGF-β secretion.…”

Controlled clinical trial for evaluation of hair growth with low dose cyclical nutrition therapy in men and women without the use of finasteride

“…Shin et al [41] followed this research further with cultured androgen sensitive dermal papilla cells and the addition of DHT to this androgen sensitive cell caused an accumulation of free radicles ROS within the cultured cells, which in turn induced the release of TGFß1. The next step of the study was the addition of free radical scavenger N-Acetyl cysteine to the cell culture, that successfully blocked the accumulation of free radicals resulting in successful blockage of DHT induced secretion of TGFß1 [41] . Therefore, we can consider now that antioxidants can prevent accumulation of free radicals or reactive oxygen species which in turn can neutralize the mechanism of the action of DHT.…”

Analysis of changes in microRNA expression profiles in response to the troxerutin-mediated antioxidant effect in human dermal papilla cells

“…In addition, a study using a mouse model demonstrated that hair dye-induced hair loss is caused predominantly by H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress (30). Oxidative stress stimulates the production of a known inhibitor of hair follicles, tumor growth factor-β, in DPC cells, which induces the onset of androgenic alopecia (24). Our previous studies demonstrated that troxerutin has a photoprotective effect against UV radiation on dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes (6,7), and several clinical and theoretical reports have revealed that UV radiation has negative effects on hair growth through the induction of oxidative stress, acute telogen effluvium and follicular micro-inflammation in follicular stem cells (31)(32)(33).…”

“…HDP cells are a major component of skin and direct hair growth, and loss or senescence of these cells is a key cause of hair loss (15). Previous reports have demonstrated that cisplatin-and androgen overexposure-mediated cellular dysfunction, including apoptosis, can induce alopecia and occur predominantly by stimulating the production ROS in HDP cells (16,23,24). In our previous study, pretreatment of human dermal fibroblasts and HaCaT keratinocytes with troxerutin was observed to protect against UVB-mediated cell death (6,7).…”