Induction of somatic embryogenesis in immature seeds of guavatree cv. Paluma

Abstract

The biotechnological techniques may help solve many problems of guava culture, such as the high perishability of fruits. Somatic embryogenesis can generate highly multiplicative cell cultures and with high regenerative potential, serving as basis for genetic transformation. The aim of this work was to obtain somatic embryogenesis of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Paluma. Immature seeds were used, and they were inoculated in MS environment containing 400 mg L-1 of L-glutamine, 100 mg L-1 myo-inositol, 60 g L-1 sucrose, 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid and supplemented with different types and concentrations of growth regulators. Embryogenic callus appeared after 37 days of culture in an environment containing 1.0 mg L-1 2.4-D + 2.0 mg L-1 2-ip, in 7% of the explants. After 65 days of culture, the treatment containing 0.5 mg L-1 CPA showed 20% of explants with direct embryos, while the treatment with 1 mg L-1 had 14% of explants with direct embryos and 7% of explants with embryogenic callus. In 66.6% of embryos regenerated with 0.5 mg L¹ CPA there was the formation of secondary embryos. The use of IASP and BAP, aiming embryogenesis proliferation, led to an increase in the cellular proliferation, but calli apparently lost their embryogenic potential.

Somatic embryogenesis in guava (Psidium guajava L.): current status and future perspectives

“…IZEs are preferred explants in embryogenesis as the developmental stage of explants plays a very critical role in growth of in vitro cultures (Yadava 1996). Numerous research reports are available on the induction of embryogenesis using IZEs (Vilchez et al 2002;Rai et al 2007;Moura and Motoike 2009;Akhtar 2010). According to the recent research findings, 10-week-old embryos of genotype Allahabad Safeda (Kamle et al 2016) proved to Bajpai et al (2008) 9.…”

“…2,4-D ? putrescine Induction, maturation and plantlet formation Kamle et al (2009) 12 (Moura and Motoike 2009). Occurrence of variability in regeneration ability is probably due to their physiological stage of development.…”

“…On the contrary, some researchers claim that 2,4-D alone is not sufficient for the induction of SE. However, a combination of auxin and cytokinins or amino acids has been proved effective in SE in guava cultivars Paluma and Allahabad safeda (Moura and Motoike 2009;Kamle et al 2016).…”

Morpho and Cytological Differentiation of Calli of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla During Somatic Embryogenesis

“…In addition, through microscopic analyses, they can differentiate the structures formed, the regeneration process, and characterize the globular, heart-shaped, torpedo, and cotyledonary embryogenic stages. In the in vitro regeneration process, the presence or the absence of synchrony of the somatic embryos can be observed and identification of flaws in formation of the somatic embryo, so as to prevent the production of abnormal plants 11,13 .…”

Induction and Maintenance of Embryogenic Characteristics of Callus of the Oil Palm Hybrid Manicoré

“…Toluidine Blue can be useful for general staining and identifi cation of phenolic compounds (O'Brien and McCully, 1981). Through cytochemical tests, using dyes such as toluidine blue, it is possible to observe embryogenic traits in callus cells, such as small, isodiametric cells with large nuclei and cell clusters (Moura and Motoike, 2009;Pádua et al, 2013). Dyes, such as Lugol, allow detection of starch granules, which provide energy for the formation and development of somatic embryos (Moura and Motoike, 2009).…”