Induction of polyploids in acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia) through colchicine treatment of in vitro derived shoot tip explants

Abstract

Polyploid breeding is an effective tool to induce variability in the existing population, specifically in the crops having very narrow genetic base such as acid lime. Hence, an experiment was conducted to induce polyploidy in acid lime through colchicine treatment. Higher frequency of triploids were obtained in 250 μM colchicine treatment (27.27%), whereas combination of 3× (21.42%), 4× (13.33%) and aneuploid (6.67%) were induced at 500 μM colchicine treatment. Measurement of stomatal density and guard cell size of colchiploids revealed that the former one has negative relation with ploidy level and a positive relation was observed between guard cell size and ploidy level. Further, area and size of nuclei also had a positive relation with ploidy level. Hence, stomatal density, guard cell and nuclei size can be used effectively as morphological marker for preliminary polyploid screening. From the experiment, it can be concluded that 500 μM colchicine treatment of in vitro derived shoot tip explants of acid lime is optimum for creating maximum possible variability through polyploidization in the existing acid lime population.

Morpho-physiological characterization of second generation colchiploids in sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis </i>(L.) Osbeck) cv. Mosambi

“…The decreased stomatal density and increased dimensions might be due to induced mutation occurrences or ploidy level changes. These findings align with earlier studies (Blasco et al, 2015;Bhuvaneswari et al, 2020;Suliman et al, 2020;Usman et al, 2021;Kashtwari et al 2022;Bora et al, 2023) conducted on loquat, lemon, citrange, black locust, grapefruit, saffron and acid lime. The data presented in Fig.…”

In vitro induction of tetraploids and their phenotypic and transcriptome analysis in Glehnia littoralis

“…Due to the randomness of mutations caused by asexual polyploidy, plant tissues may contain hybrids or chimeras. In this study, we also found chimeras as reported in other different crops [ 22 ]. Generally, colchicine disrupts mitosis by preventing microtubule polymerization, resulting in inhibition in polar migration of chromosomes at anaphase.…”

“…More importantly, it is possible to improve mutagenesis efficiency and reduce chimerism [ 20 ]. Therefore, polyploidization can drive plant evolution and domestication through chromosome doubling [ 21 ] and it is an effective tool to induce variability in the existing population [ 22 ].…”

“…The explants used in our study were also different from those used in previous studies. In the previous studies, shoot tips [ 22 ], pollens [ 25 ], and leaf tissues [ 27 ] were used as explants for the induction of polyploidy in vitro. In this study, seeds as explants were effective for polyploidy induction of G. littoralis in vitro.…”