Induction of ploidy in some grapevine genotypes by N<sub>2</sub>O treatments

Kara, Zeki; Yazar, Kevser; Doğan, Osman; Sabır, Ali; Özer, Ayşe

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2020.1276.34

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In surviving plants, stomatal density per unit area (number mm -2 ) (Kara et al, 2018c), stomatal sizes (μm) (Kara et al, 2018a), chloroplast numbers in stoma guard cells (number stoma -1 ) (Kara et al, 2018a;Yazar, 2021), leaf thickness, chlorophyll content (Kara et al, 2018b) and Flow Cytometry (FC) analyzes (Yazar, 2018) were done. According to the results of all analysed data, the effects of oryzalin and N2O treatments on chromosome folding in grapevine were evaluated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the right application time and duration, it can easily penetrate the plant due to the small molecule structure of N2O and promote polyploidy. In addition, N2O is not as harmful to nature as colchicine (Kara et al, 2018c).…”

Section: Intrоduсtiоnmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The variation in stomatal size is one of the most remarkable advanced agronomic features of tetraploid plants ( Kosonoy-González et al, 2019). Polyploid plants have larger stomatal sizes and lower stomatal density per unit area than diploid plants (Yang et al, 2006;Lu et al, 2014;Kara et al, 2018c;Bae et al, 2020). This difference is probably due to increased cell size of polyploid plants (Marinho et al, 2014) and/or decreased leaf mesophyll space (Lundgren et al, 2019).…”

Section: Stoma Density (Number MM -2 ) and Stoma Sizes (μM)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

Kara¹,

Doğan²

2022

SJAFS

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Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is one of the most important socio-economically important plants in the global scale, and the need for its breeding is increasing. In viticulture, mutation is more promising than crossbreeding in breeding new genotypes from natural genetic diversity. Polyploid plants outperform their diploid relatives in several respects. In this study, the efficacy of oryzalin and N2O mutagens in the induction of polyploidy was investigated by applying different doses and durations to the forced cuttings of 41B [Chasselas (Vitis vinifera L.) × Vitis berlandieri Planch)] and Fercal [(Vitis vinifera x Vitis berlandieri) × 333 EM] rootstocks. LD50 values of mutagen applications were determined, morphological and cytological effects were examined by macroscopic, microscopic, and cytological methods. Application time and dose increase of mutagens decreased LD50 values. As a result of mutagen applications, leaf thickness and chlorophyll content of the surviving plants increased. Applications increased stomatal sizes, decreased their density, increased chloroplast numbers, increased leaf thicknesses and partially SPAD values. It was determined that they were not polyploid in the confirmation test performed with flow cytometry (FC) analyses in 4 Fercal and 1 41B samples that were assumed to be mutant by stoma and chloroplast examinations. After that, it was thought that it would be appropriate to try vegetative material with actively dividing cells, such as nodal cuttings, in the studies of obtaining polyploid individuals on grapevine rootstocks

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intrоduсtiоnmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Stoma Density (Number MM -2 ) and Stoma Sizes (μM)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

Kara¹,

Doğan²

2022

SJAFS

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“…All treatments on two grapevine rootstocks caused a decrease in the number of stomata and an increase in the size of the stoma compared to the control. Kara et al (2018c) found that N 2 O applications to 41 B grapevine rootstocks reduced stomatal density by 28%. Bae et al (2020) also identified a similar decrease in stomatal density in oryzalin applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…When the right application time and dose is selected, N 2 O can easily penetrate the plant and promote polyploidy due to its small molecule structure. In addition, N 2 O is not as harmful to nature as colchicine (Kara et al 2018c). Oryzalin, on the other hand, is an herbicide that depolymerizes the mitotic spindle at appropriate concentrations with the same mechanism of action as colchicine, stimulates the formation of a greater amount of polyploid cells and provides a higher polyploidy efficiency (Kosonoy-González et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenic effects of nitrogen protoxide and oryzalin on “41 B” and “Fercal” grapevine rootstocks seedlings

Kara,

Doğan

2023

Breed. Sci.

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In this study, the mutagenic effects of different doses and exposure times of oryzalin and Nitrogen Protoxide (N 2 O) were tested for stimulating polyploid on 41 B and Fercal grapevine rootstocks seedlings. Ploidy changes were examined by morphological, cytological, macroscopic, and microscopic methods. Leaf thickness, chlorophyll contents, stomatal sizes, and chloroplast numbers of polyploid seedlings stimulated with mutagens increased but their stomatal densities decreased. Flow cytometry (FC) analyses were performed on 50 samples selected by morphological and microscopic preliminary determinations. In FC analyses, 1 tetraploid seedling and 4 mixoploid seedlings from Fercal offspring and 1 mixoploid seedling from 41 B offspring were verified. The nuclear DNA content of tetraploid and mixoploid seedlings were increased by 2.00 and 1.34-fold, respectively, when compared to their diploid parents. Chromosome counts in root tip samples propagated in vitro from the tetraploid Fercal offspring confirmed a 2-fold increase compared to the diploid parent. In polyploidy induction studies, it was deemed appropriate to use FC analysis and chromosome count together to confirm the ploidy levels of mutants. Oryzalin and N 2 O applications at different doses and exposure times were found to be effective for inducing polyploidy in 41 B and Fercal grapevine rootstocks.

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Comparison of Some Spraying Characteristics by Testing Different Spray Nozzle Positions on Artificial Cotton Plants when Defoliant Application

Dokumacı

Özarslan

2023

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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In this study, limit application rates and different spray nozzle positions effects on coverage rate, drop diameter and amount of tracer residue values were determined of application defoliating agent before machine harvest on cotton plant. Researches were carried on two phases as indoor area trials and laboratory analysis. In these researches, artificial cotton plants were used. Indoor area trials were conducted two different application rates (20 and 40 L da-1) and three different in spray nozzle positions (NP1, NP2 and NP3) by using conventional hollow cone spray nozzle. 27 pieces of sampling area were determined that they were included the two sides of the plant and plant center position of the upper-middle-lower in initiative area on plants. Six initiative areas were determined in order to record efficiency in initiative area on plants. For the purpose of deposition of trace amounts of substances were determined in sampling area; water-sensitive paper is placed on top that included both over the leaves and beneath the leaves in order to detect each filter paper, and drop diameter, rate of coverage. The amount of deposit on areas that were done analysis in laboratory conditions was determined to with spectrophotometer. Drop diameters and coverage rate detection were done analysis on image analysis. According to the results, it is determined that NP3 which is used generally in 40 L da-1 norm provide the best deposition and coverage rate on applications of defoliant, in addition to pesticide reach on leaf beneath in merely this spray nozzle position.

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Induction of ploidy in some grapevine genotypes by N₂O treatments

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

Mutagenic effects of nitrogen protoxide and oryzalin on “41 B” and “Fercal” grapevine rootstocks seedlings

Comparison of Some Spraying Characteristics by Testing Different Spray Nozzle Positions on Artificial Cotton Plants when Defoliant Application

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Induction of ploidy in some grapevine genotypes by N2O treatments

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

Mutagenic effects of nitrogen protoxide and oryzalin on “41 B” and “Fercal” grapevine rootstocks seedlings

Comparison of Some Spraying Characteristics by Testing Different Spray Nozzle Positions on Artificial Cotton Plants when Defoliant Application

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Induction of ploidy in some grapevine genotypes by N₂O treatments