The walleye (Stizostedion viweum) is a North American mesothermal freshwater teleost that spawns once each year in early spring. Walleye spawn randomly over suitable substrates and d o not provide any parental protection for eggs or juveniles. The majority of gonadal recrudescence in adult male walleye occurs in the autumn, and walleye testes contain large numbers of viable spermatozoa from late autumn through the spawning season. Adult female walleye exhibit group synchronous ovarian developmcnt, and similar to males, the majority of gonadal development occurs in the autumn. Evidence suggests that 17a,20P-dihydroxyprogesterone is the maturational steroid in this species. Simple environmental manipulations coupled with injections of human chorionic gonadotropin can be used to advance spawning in walleye by up to 12 weeks. To spawn and propagate walleye, hatcheries in North America use a wide range of methods that have been developed to meet the needs and conditions present at specific facilities.
IntroductionFor many years, walleye (Stizostedion uitreum) have been propagated extensively to support and augment both recreational and commercial fisheries in North America (Conover 1986). More recently, this species has been evaluated for its potential for commercial food fish aquaculture in this region. This paper will review the reproductive biology of walleye, methods to induce and control spawning, and procedures commonly used to fertilize and incubate eggs.