Induction of necrosis and apoptosis to KB cancer cells by sanguinarine is associated with reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization

Chang, Mei‐Chi; Chan, Chiu‐Po; Wang, Ying Jan; Lee, Po-Hsuen; Chen, Lin-I; Tsai, Yao-Chen; Lin, Bor‐Ru; Wang, Yin‐Lin; Jeng, Jiiang‐Huei

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.025

Cited by 77 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Apoptosis induced by sanguinarine has been associated also with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [20,36,52,58] . ROS are a group of highly reactive molecules, among which are superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radical.…”

Section: Sanguinarine-induced Apoptosis Through the Generation Of Reamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effects of the benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine: Evidence and perspectives

Gaziano

Moroni

Buè

et al. 2016

WJGO

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Historically, natural products have represented a significant source of anticancer agents, with plant-derived drugs becoming increasingly explored. In particular, sanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid obtained from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis , and from other poppy Fumaria species, with recognized anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, increasing evidence that sanguinarine exibits anticancer potential through its capability of inducing apoptosis and/or antiproliferative effects on tumor cells, has been proved. Moreover, its antitumor seems to be due not only to its pro-apoptotic and inhibitory effects on tumor growth, but also to its antiangiogenic and anti-invasive properties. Although the precise mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of this compound remain not fully understood, in this review we will focus on the most recent findings about the cellular and molecular pathways affected by sanguinarine, together with the rationale of its potential application in clinic. The complex of data currently available suggest the potential application of sanguinarine as an adjuvant in the therapy of cancer, but further pre-clinical studies are needed before such an antitumor strategy can be effectively translated in the clinical practice.

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Section: Sanguinarine-induced Apoptosis Through the Generation Of Reamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effects of the benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine: Evidence and perspectives

Gaziano

Moroni

Buè

et al. 2016

WJGO

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“…DNA content has also been used to show a difference between apoptotic and heat shock treatment at 568C (11). Both of these approaches have proved to be nonspecific for characterizing differences between cells undergoing apoptosis and oncosis (22,13). More recently the use of SYTO16 and viability dyes has allowed the discrimination of apoptosis and oncosis in that no reduction in SYTO16 was observed in cells undergoing oncosis compared to that observed in cells undergoing apoptosis (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until recently the flow cytometry community has searched for a means to distinguish between cells undergoing apoptosis or oncosis by standard flow cytometry (6,(11)(12)(13)(14). There are a plethora of assays for the study of apoptosis several hours after induction, by measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential, caspases, annexin V binding through to cell death or necrosis as measured by lack of viability and DNA fragmentation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, SYTO16 was shown not to significantly reduce during sodium azide or heat shock induction of oncosis, the cells rapidly lost membrane integrity, a classic profile of oncosis (7). A few earlier studies have tried to find a means to show a difference between cells undergoing apoptosis and oncosis without much success by standard flow cytometry (12,13,22). One study by Waring et al (11) has shown that thymocytes undergoing oncosis have a higher level of annexin V binding than cells undergoing apoptosis, however this is not the case for all cell lines (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However it was concluded that there were no differences in changes in mitochondrial function in cells undergoing apoptosis or oncosis. Measurement of mitochondrial function was reported more recently to show differences in cells undergoing apoptosis and oncosis in a drug dose response study after 24 h exposure (13). Although most earlier studies concluded that it is not possible to distinguish between cells generated from an apoptotic or oncotic process the recent use of SYTO16 does afford a means to show differences in cells undergoing apoptosis and oncosis by standard flow cytometry in a time dependent manner (7,12,22).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Real‐time flow cytometry for the kinetic analysis of oncosis

Warnes

Martins

2011

Cytometry Pt A

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The standard method of distinguishing apoptotic and oncotic cells has been by microscopic analysis of nuclei and cell membrane morphology. Thus a rapid test for analyzing large numbers of cells in the study of cell necrobiology has not been possible until the recent advent of the Amnis Image-stream and real-time Lab-on-a-Chip technologies. An interesting difference between apoptosis and oncosis is that they are ATP dependent and independent processes, respectively. Here we describe an assay measuring real-time kinetic changes in the potential differences of the inner mitochondrial membrane (mmp) and the plasma membrane (pmp) in cells immediately before and after the addition of the inducing agent. Live cells were loaded with carbocyanine dye DiIC 1 (5) and bis-oxonol (DiBAC 4 (5)) to measure mmp and pmp in conjunction with annexin V-FITC and DAPI labeling for gating out annexin V binding cells and dead cells respectively. Live cells gave specific membrane signatures in response to apoptotic or oncotic reagents in real-time. Apoptosis showed little change in mmp and pmp signals over the course of 25 min, the mitochondria only showed a slight hyperpolarization. In contrast chemical treatment with oxidative phosphorylation blocker, sodium azide (SA) caused an immediate hyperpolarization spike followed by a complete abrogation of mmp over a 25 min time course. Treatment with SA (1%) also caused plasma membrane depolarization. Likewise detergent (0.01% Triton X-100) treatments also caused abrogation of mmp and depolarization of pmp. Whereas heat shock (428C) treatment showed only a slight mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. These flow cytometric observations were confirmed by confocal microscopy. This novel real-time kinetic assay measuring mitochondrial and plasma membrane potential changes has important implications in the field of cell necrobiology in that it allows the researcher to differentiate apoptotic and oncotic processes in an immediate manner for the first time. '

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Electrochemical Oxidation of Sanguinarine and of Its Oxidation Products at a Glassy Carbon Electrode – Relevance to Intracellular Effects

et al. 2009

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The electrochemical behavior of sanguinarine, a quaternary benzophenanthridine glycoside alkaloid with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and/or immune-stimulatory activities, was studied at a glassy carbon electrode using cyclic, differential pulse, and square wave voltammetry. The oxidation of sanguinarine is a quasireversible, diffusion-controlled process and occurred in a cascade mechanism with the formation of several oxidation products which adsorbed at the electrode surface. The oxidation of sanguinarine is pH dependent and involves the transfer of the same number of electrons and protons. The adsorbed sanguinarine oxidation products are reversibly oxidized at the glassy carbon electrode surface and their oxidation for a wide range of pHs was also studied by differential pulse and square wave voltammetry. A mechanism for the oxidation of sanguinarine at glassy carbon electrode is proposed.

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Induction of necrosis and apoptosis to KB cancer cells by sanguinarine is associated with reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization

Cited by 77 publications

References 34 publications

Antitumor effects of the benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine: Evidence and perspectives

Antitumor effects of the benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine: Evidence and perspectives

Real‐time flow cytometry for the kinetic analysis of oncosis

Electrochemical Oxidation of Sanguinarine and of Its Oxidation Products at a Glassy Carbon Electrode – Relevance to Intracellular Effects

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