Induction of multiple ovulation via modulation of angiotensin II receptors in in vitro ovarian follicle culture models

Park

et al. 2017

Tissue Eng Regen Med

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The preservation of female germ cells is important in the individuals with ovarian dysfunction and failure. For this purpose, ovarian follicle in vitro maturation (OFIVM) is an important technology for the retrieval of mature oocytes. In the in vivo follicular development, paracrine factors such as angiotensin (AT) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) play important roles. We attempted to add estrogen during the OFIVM and to assess their expression on the follicular cells. The ovaries and pre-antral follicles were collected from 13-day C57BL/6 mice and cultured in vitro with estradiol (E 2 ) treatment for up to two weeks. In the whole ovaries, the expression of AT II was decreased and the expression of AMH was similar between control and E 2 -treated ovaries after in vitro culture. Although there was no difference in the survival, ovulation, maturation and fertilization rates between control and E 2 -treated groups, the expression of AT II in the follicular cells was down-regulated after E 2 treatment at mRNA level, and AMH showed similar expression. In conclusion, adding E 2 in OFIVM may regulate paracrine factors and their receptors that are related to follicular development. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the roles of various sex hormones in the regulation of AT and AMH expression during the OFIVM.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Estradiol on the Paracrine Regulator Expression of In Vitro Maturated Murine Ovarian Follicles

Park

et al. 2017

Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…When heterotopic transplantation is conducted, several factors should be considered such as differences in body temperature, pressure, paracrine factors, and blood supply (Y. J. Kim, Y. Y. Kim et al, ). In this context, orthotopic grafts naturally provide a favourable environment for follicular development (J. Donnez et al, ; Oktay et al, ).…”

Section: Transplantation Sites and Surgical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their effects in humans in vivo are yet to be proven (J. Donnez et al, ; Ku et al, ), and these genetic and signalling manipulations require caution to be exercised while handling germ cells (S. M. Kim et al, ; Lee et al, ). Yet, manipulation of these conditions can potentially be used to enhance follicular development in vivo (Y. J. Kim, et al, ).…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new possibility in fertility preservation: The artificial ovary

Cho

Noh

et al. 2019

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Conventional fertility preservation methods such as oocyte or embryo cryopreservation are currently insufficient to treat including those patients with prepubertal cancer and premature ovarian failure. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation presents as an alternative but has limitations with a potential risk of reintroducing malignant cells in patients who recover from cancer, those of chemotherapy prior to tissue cryopreservation. The so called “artificial ovary” aims to resolve this issue by transplanting isolated follicles with or without a biological scaffold. The artificial ovary may also offer an effective alternative option for those who cannot benefit from traditional assisted reproductive techniques such as in vitro fertilisation. To date, in animal studies and human trial, the artificial ovary restored endocrine function, achieved in vivo follicular development, and resulted in successful pregnancies. However, development of a technique for higher follicular recovery rate and a more optimised design of delivery scaffold, better transplantation techniques to prevent postsurgical ischemia, and consideration for genetic safety are required for safer and consistent human clinical applications. Ideas from different transplantation surgeries (e.g., entire ovary, ovarian cortex, and transplantation with tissue‐engineered products) can be applied to enhance the efficacy of artificial ovarian transplantation. For the better application of artificial ovary, a deeper understanding of mechanical and biochemical properties of the ovary and folliculogenesis after cryopreservation, transplantation with or without scaffold, and development of sophisticated in vivo imaging techniques of transplanted artificial ovary need to precede its efficient clinical application.

“…Endometrium is a layer that regenerates cyclically, and its thickness is critical for achievement of successful implantation [5][6][7]. However, the prevalence of damaged thin endometrium, caused by such as Asherman's syndrome, is reported as 13% of infertile women [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Production of Murine Uterine Damage Model

Choi

Lim

et al. 2018

Tissue Eng Regen Med

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BACKGROUND: Thin or damaged endometrium causes uterine factor-derived infertility resulting in a failure of embryonic implantation. Regeneration of endometrium is a major issue in gynecology and reproductive medicine. Various types of cells and scaffolds were studied to establish an effective therapeutic strategy. For this type of investigations, production of optimal animal models is indispensable. In this study, we tried to establish various murine uterine damage models and compared their features. METHODS: Three to ten-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were anesthetized using isoflurane. Chemical and mechanical methods using ethanol (EtOH) at 70 or 100% and copper scraper were compared to determine the most efficient condition. Damage of uterine tissue was induced either by vaginal or dorsal surgical approach. After 7-10 days, gross and microscopic morphology, safety and efficiency were compared among the groups. RESULTS: Both chemical and mechanical methods resulted in thinner endometrium and reduced number of glands. Gross morphology assessment revealed that the damaged regions of uteri showed various shapes including shrinkage or cystic dilatation of uterine horns. The duration of anesthesia significantly affected recovery after procedure. Uterine damage was most effectively induced by dorsal approach using 100% EtOH treatment compared to mechanical methods. CONCLUSION: Taken together, murine uterine damage models were most successfully established by chemical treatment. This production protocols could be applied further to larger animals such as non-human primate.