Induction of immune tolerance to caseins and whey proteins by oral intubation in mouse allergy model

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of oral tolerance of caseins (CSN) and whey proteins (WP) in alleviating the allergic response to cow's milk proteins in Swiss albino mice raised on a milk protein-free diet. Oral tolerance was induced by feeding mice with 20 mg of CSN or WP once in a day for 4 days consecutively before immunization with respective protein by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections (20 μg 200 per μl of PBS) using 2% of alum Al(OH)3 as adjuvant. Three weeks later, oral tolerance induction was analysed in humoral and cellular compartments of CSN- and WP-fed versus saline-fed control mice groups by measuring seric and intestinal antibody responses, mRNA abundance in splenic tissue and cytokine secretion patterns. The specific serum immunoglobulin-E (IgE) levels were significantly suppressed (p < 0.05), while sIgA was enhanced in these groups when compared with their respective saline-fed mice. Moreover, the mRNA levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in both CSN- and WP-tolerized mice were found to be significantly decreased, while the abundance of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was increased significantly, as compared to respective control groups. Finally, cytokine profiles indicated a reciprocal decrease in IL-4 and IFN-γ versus an increase in IL-10 secretions in supernatants of cultured splenocytes of tolerized mice. Taken together, these results clearly showed that oral administration of cows' milk caseins and whey proteins can induce significant hyposensitization in mice, with the participation of suppressor cytokines.

Rush Oral Immunotherapy Does Not Reduce Allergic Response in Mice with Mild Allergy to Egg White Ovomucoid

“…The total IgE level in allergy mice was lower than those in previous studies (20,27). The above results were consistent with what we had predicted, since oral administration before sensitization suppressed the increase in total IgE (28,29). In this experiment, alum was used as the adjuvant for sensitization.…”

IL-10 Receptor or TGF-β Neutralization Abrogates the Protective Effect of a Specific Nondigestible Oligosaccharide Mixture in Cow-Milk-Allergic Mice

“…To establish the role of IL-10 and TGF-β in tolerance compared with food allergy, various studies were performed. It was shown that cultured splenocytes of orally tolerized mice produce significantly higher concentrations of IL-10 than splenocytes of allergic mice ( 24 ). Furthermore, injecting IL-10 before applying a specific contact allergen inhibited the allergic response ( 25 ).…”

Hydrolyzed chicken liver used as single source of animal protein in diet and its effect on cytokines, immunoglobulins, and fecal microbiota profile of adult dogs

“…gastrointestinal disorders [4,5]. Additionally, recent reports did not find detectable amounts of IL-4 using ex-vivo whole blood stimulation with commercial hydrolyzed protein diets in dogs with chronic enteropathy and healthy immunotolerant cats [26,27].…”

“…Whether through IgE induced mast cell degranulation or by humoral and cell-mediated reactions, the constant stimulus induces symptoms such as pruritus, vomiting, and diarrhea in dogs [2]. Several researchers reported increased TNF-α and IL-4, and decreased IL-10 in humans and mice with food allergies [3][4][5]. In dogs, previous studies highlighted the benefits of hydrolyzed proteins in preventing allergenic reactions.…”