Induction of ethylene synthesis and lipid peroxidation in damaged or TMV-infected tobacco leaf tissues by light

Abstract

The effect of light on ethylene and ethane production in damaged leaf tissues was investigated. When whole leaves of tobacco cv. Samsun NN were damaged with liquid nitrogen, the ethylene formation was the highest, if 100 % of leaves were injured and were kept in the light, the lowest when leaves after 100 % injury were kept in darkness. Ethane production (lipid peroxidation) could be detected only in damaged, but not in control leaves, and was much higher in light than in darkness. In addition, there was a strong degradation of chlorophyll of damaged leaves kept in light. In light aminoethoxy-vinylglycine (AVG) inhibited ethylene formation in control, non-damaged whole leaves effectively, but in leaves with 100 % damage the inhibitory effect was much weaker and similar to the effect of propyl gallate (PG), a free radical scavenger. Both AVG and PG treatments decreased ethylene formation by control leaf discs and discs with 100 % damage. Ethane production was significantly inhibited by PG and slightly by AVG in the case of 100 % damage. Tiron, another free radical scavenger gave similar results on leaf discs as PG did. Paraquat (methylviologen, Pq), as a photosynthesis inhibiting and reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing herbicide produced a large amount of ethylene and ethane in light but very small amount in darkness. In accordance, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection on the necrotic host resulted in significantly larger amount of ethylene and ethane formation in light than in darkness. We conclude that ethylene and ethane production of damaged plant tissues is strongly induced by light and ROS that are involved in this induction.

Reactive oxygen species promote chloroplast dysfunction and salicylic acid accumulation in fumonisin B1‐induced cell death

“…Identification of plant additional direct targets of ROS will be vital in addressing how specificity of ROS signaling is achieved during plant-pathogen interactions. Barna et al found that the degradation of chlorophyll of damaged leaves is strongly induced by light [38]. In present study, FB1 treatment resulted in chlorophyll breakdown in the presence of light, but both AsA and CAT treatments had little effect on chlorophyll breakdown (Fig.…”

“…It is proposed that SA, glutathione and Cys-Gly redox signaling contributes to both local defence and systemic acclimation response [39]. Moreover, the involvement of ROS in TMV induced lesion formation has been demonstrated and ROS also play an important role in the elevated production of ethylene and ethane compounds in damaged leaves [38]. Recent studies on the stress signaling molecules including SA, jasmonate (JA) in plant resistance to pathogens have been analysed to a large extent, and redox-based signaling appears to be more complex.…”

Manipulation of Senescence of Plants to Improve Biotic Stress Resistance

“…Externally applied aminoethoxy-vinylglycine (AVG), an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis, not only effectively inhibited ethylene formation but also lesion development by TMV infection. Interestingly, in leaves with 100% damage (frost injury), the inhibitory effect of AVG was much weaker and similar to the effect of propyl gallate (PG), a free radical scavenger [ 97 ]. Preharvest application of ethylene inhibitors can be used for modulation of post-harvest fruit and vegetable quality [ 98 ].…”

Inoculation of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão supports in tolerance to drought stress

“…The increase in proline levels may also minimize the adverse effects of drought (Hayat et al 2012). Plants under drought stress rapidly increase the production of hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene, which are involved in stomatal closure, thus minimizing water loss (Barna et al 2012;Oskabe et al 2014) and foliar abscission that represents one of the strategies of plants to tolerate drought stress (Sakamoto et al 2008).…”