Induction of Callogenesis, Organogenesis, and Embryogenesis in Non-Meristematic Explants of Bleeding Heart and Evaluation of Chemical Diversity of Key Metabolites from Callus

Abstract

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara is a perennial plant species valued in the horticultural, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical markets. To date, however, there were no studies on tissue culture systems in this species when adjusted from non-meristematic explants. The aim of this study is to induce callogenesis, organogenesis, and somatic embryogenesis in non-meristematic explants of Lamprocapnos spectabilis ‘Alba’ cultured in various media and to analyze the chemical diversity of the produced callus. Leaf, petiole, and internode explants were cultured on the modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with various combinations and concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and picloram (PIC). After 10 weeks of culturing, the morphogenetic response of explants was evaluated and the concentration of chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and polyphenols in callus was analyzed. There was no influence of explant type on the callogenesis efficiency (62.1–65.3%). The highest fresh weight of callus was produced on leaf explants in the presence of 2,4-D or PIC. In contrast, the highest share of dry weight was found in internode-derived calli and cultured on IAA-supplemented medium (up to 30.8%). Only 2.5% of all explants regenerated adventitious shoots, while rhizogenesis was reported in 4.5% of explants. Somatic embryos were produced indirectly by 0% to 100% of explants, depending on the culture medium and explant type. The highest mean number of embryos (11.4 per explant) was found on petioles cultured in the MS medium with 0.5 mg·L−1 BA and 1.0 mg·L−1 PIC. Calli cultured in media with NAA usually contained a higher content of primary and secondary metabolites. There was also a significant impact of explant type on the content of anthocyanins, polyphenols, and carotenoids in callus. Further studies should focus on the elicitation of metabolites production in callus culture systems of the bleeding heart.

Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

“…This may be due to lower amounts of carbohydrates (10.39%) in this extract or the presence of some growth inhibitors. The relatively high content of polyphenols present in sesame additive (0.32 ‱) probably arrested the development of explants in both cultivars tested as reported by Kulus and Tymoszuk [52]. Those properties of oat and sesame extracts should be considered in the medium-term conservation of plant germplasm stored in in vitro tissue banks under slow-growth conditions [16].…”

Improvement of Bioactive Polyphenol Accumulation in Callus of Salvia atropatana Bunge

“…Explant type and growth regulator combinations also played essential roles in improving the callus induction protocol of Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara [ 16 ] or Ocimum sanctum L., whose leaf explants showed higher callus formation potential than stem and inflorescence explants [ 17 ]. Although no studies have examined callus induction in S. atropatana , callus formation protocols have been reported for several other Salvia species.…”

Callus induction and pro-embryogenic mass formation in Myrciaria dubia, an important medicinal and nutritional plant

“…Thus, the WPM medium proved to be the best for the in vitro cultivation of M. dubia since its nutritional composition favors the in vitro cultivation of woody species. The culture medium is essential for the success of somatic embryogenesis (Ramos et al 2020), and the nutritional balance of macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins and carbohydrates is essential for morphogenetic transformations in the process of cell dedifferentiation and differentiation (Kulus and Tymoszuk 2020).…”