Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

Abstract

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (bleeding heart) is valued both in the horticultural and pharmaceutical markets. Despite its great popularity, information on the in vitro tissue culture technology in this species is limited. There is also little knowledge on the application of plant extracts in the tissue culture systems of plants other than orchids. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of traditional plant growth regulators (PGRs) and natural extracts—obtained from the coconut shreds, as well as oat, rice, and sesame seeds—in the micropropagation and cryopreservation of L. spectabilis ‘Gold Heart’ and ‘White Gold’. The biochemical analysis of extracts composition is also included. In the first experiment related to micropropagation via axillary buds activation, the single-node explants were cultured for a 10-week-long propagation cycle in the modified Murashige and Skoog medium fortified either with 1.11 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.23 µM indole-3-butritic acid (IBA) or with 10% (v/v) plant extracts. A PGRs- and extract-free control was also considered. In the cryopreservation experiment, the same 10% (v/v) extracts were added into the medium during a seven-day preculture in the encapsulation-vitrification cryopreservation protocol. It was found that the impact of natural additives was cultivar- and trait-specific. In the first experiment, the addition of coconut extract favoured the proliferation of shoots and propagation ratio in bleeding heart ‘Gold Heart’. Rice extract, on the other hand, promoted callus formation in ‘White Gold’ cultivar and was more effective in increasing the propagation ratio in this cultivar than the conventional plant growth regulators (4.1 and 2.6, respectively). Sesame extract suppressed the development of the explants in both cultivars analysed, probably due to the high content of polyphenols. As for the second experiment, the addition of plant extracts into the preculture medium did not increase the survival level of the cryopreserved shoot tips (sesame and oat extracts even decreased this parameter). On the other hand, coconut extract, abundant in simple sugars and endogenous cytokinins, stimulated a more intensive proliferation and growth of shoots after rewarming of samples. Analysing the synergistic effect of conventional plant growth regulators and natural extracts should be considered in future studies related to L. spectabilis.

Nanoparticle-mediated enhancement of plant cryopreservation: Cultivar-specific insights into morphogenesis and biochemical responses in Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara ’Gold Heart’ and ’Valentine’

“…Wang et al [52] found that metal-based nanoparticles can cause damage to roots or be absorbed by plant roots, triggering oxidative stress, which in turn hampers root growth and nutrient uptake. The obtained results also correspond with the findings of Kulus and Miler [53], who described a cultivar-specific reaction of bleeding heart 'Gold Heart' and 'White Gold' shoot tips, both in terms of survival and morphogenesis, to cryopreservation protocols based on natural plant extracts.…”

Cryopreservation of Plant Tissues in Poland: Research Contributions, Current Status, and Applications

“…Over the years, extracts of various origins have been added to in vitro propagation media (Molnár et al, 2011;Venkatachalam et al, 2015), but little attention has been paid to their use in cryopreservation. In a study by Kulus and Miler (2021), fresh aquatic extracts obtained from coconut shreds, oat, rice, and sesame seeds were added into the preculture medium during cryopreservation via the encapsulation-vitrification of two bleeding heart cultivars. It was found that coconut extract, abundant in endogenous cytokinins and simple sugars, stimulated more intensive shoot proliferation and development aer the rewarming of explants than the extract-free control did.…”

Investigation regarding the potential application of grape pomace extracts on in vitro plant growth and development

“…The cell and tissue culture techniques have some important advantages in agriculture, horticulture, and other important aromatic crop plants. Aromatic and medicinal plants represent good choices for investigation concerning the study of growth and morphogenesis of plant tissue cultures by adding different proportion of compounds, hormones or extracts [15,16].…”