Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death in HL-60 Cells by Jacaranda Seed Oil Derived Fatty Acids

Comparison of Separation of Seed Oil Triglycerides Containing Isomeric Conjugated Octadecatrienoic Acid Moieties by Reversed-Phase HPLC

“…Considerations of electronic spectra and retentions of tiny peaks on the chromatogram of the oil leads to the conclusion that these peaks may appear due to synthesis of calendic and/or isomeric to the calendic-not found in other natural sources (8Z,10E,12E)-octadeca-8,10,12-trienoic acid-as was supposed in Reference [25]. Indeed, the spectrum of peak 2a is non-distinguishable from spectrum of peak 2a of trichosanthus seed oil chromatogram.…”

“…Table 4 contains some pairs of TGs known from the previous tables, but, to fit the increment approach as well as mass-spectrometric data, we must include not only one new conjugated octadecatrienoic acid (catalpic) but also another one-an uncommon octadecadienoic acid of unknown structure, non-distorting the electronic spectra of Type II. Fatty acid composition of Jacaranda seed oil, determined in Reference [25], includes linoleic (41.4%), jacaric (as (8Z,10E,12Z)-octadeca-8,10,12-trienoic (Jac)) (30.9%), with two isomers ((8Z,10E,12E)-octadeca-8,10,12-trienoic (1.1%) and (8E,10E,12Z)-octadeca-8,10,12-trienoic (1.9%)), oleic (11.1%), stearic (4.3%) and palmitic (3.5%) acids. On the chromatogram of our sample of Jacaranda mimosifolia seed oil (Figure 6), there ten main TGs are found (Table 5), with electronic spectra corresponding to Type I (Figure 1).…”

Sources and Bioactive Properties of Conjugated Dietary Fatty Acids

“…This may be in part due to the prevalence of these isomers within certain seed oils, etc. (Table 1) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], but also due to the extensive range of bioactivities associated with these isomers. Indeed, isomers of CLNA have been associated with anti-adipogenic and anti-carcinogenic properties, along with the modulation of immune function and inflammatory response [13,35].…”

“…Similar to pomegranate seed oil, bitter gourd seed oil and its primary CLNA isomer, known as α-eleostearic acid (c9, t11, t13), have both exhibited anti-carcinogenic properties in studies conducted using colonic (HT-29, Caco-2), mammary (MDA-wt, MDA-ER α7, MCF-7), and human leukemia cells (HL60) [64][65][66][67][68]. In these in vitro studies, exposure to α-eleostearic acid has been associated with increased cellular lipid peroxidation, inhibition of DNA synthesis, Fevillea trilobata oil 30 [17] Momordica balsamina seed oil 50 [18,19] Snake gourd seed oil 40 [20,21] Ecballium elaterium seed oil 22 [20] Milk fat ≤0.03 [22] Canadian milk fat Rapeseed oil 2.50 [23] GMO rapeseed c9, t11,t13 Tung seed oil 67.7 [16] Bitter gourd seed oil 56.2 [16] Snake gourd seed oil 30-50 [24] White mahlab 38.32 [25] Parwal seed oil 30-50 [24] Sugihiratake mushroom NS [26] Edible Japanese mushroom Parinarium species seed oil 22-69 [27,28] Prunus yedoensis seed oil 35 [28] Chrysobalanus icaco seed oil 22 [27] t9, t11, c13 Catalpa seed oil 42.3 [16] t9, t11, t13 Chemosynthesized >97 [29] Larodan Fine Chemicals, Sweden c8, t10, c12 Jacaranda seed oil 31 [30] t8, t10, c12 Pot marigold seed oil 50-62 [16] t8, t10, t12 Pot marigold seed oil 4.7 [31] c9, t11, c15 Lactobacillus plantarum AKU 1009a 67 [32] 6,9,11,15 Strains of Bifidobacterium breve 9-26 [ Chrysobalanus icaco seed oil 10 [27] Sebastiania brasiliensis seed oil 39 [44] Impatiens edgeworthii seed oil 48…”

Preparation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Microemulsions and their Biodistribution

“…CLA contents of plasma and other tissues were analyzed using a gas chromatograph GC-14B; Shimadzu . Gas chromatographic analysis was performed under the conditions described by a previous study 16 .…”