Induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells by nanovesicles from fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.)

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, warranting the urgent need for a new treatment option. Plant-derived nanovesicles containing bioactive compounds represent new therapeutic avenues due to their unique characteristics as natural nanocarriers for bioactive molecules with therapeutic effects. Recent evidence has revealed potential anticancer activity of bioactive compounds from Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. (fingerroot). However, the effect and the underlying mechanisms of fingerroot-derived nanovesicles (FDNVs) against colorectal cancer are still unknown. We isolated the nanovesicles from fingerroot and demonstrated their anticancer activity against two colorectal cancer cell lines, HT-29 and HCT116. The IC50 values were 63.9 ± 2.4, 57.8 ± 4.1, 47.8 ± 7.6 μg/ml for HT-29 cells and 57.7 ± 6.6, 47.2 ± 5.2, 34 ± 2.9 μg/ml for HCT116 cells at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Interestingly, FDNVs were not toxic to a normal colon epithelial cell line, CCD 841 CoN. FDNVs exhibited selective uptake by the colorectal cancer cell lines but not the normal colon epithelial cell line. Moreover, dose- and time-dependent FDNV-induced apoptosis was only observed in the colorectal cancer cell lines. In addition, reactive oxygen species levels were substantially increased in colorectal cancer cells, but total glutathione decreased after treatment with FDNVs. Our results show that FDNVs exhibited selective anticancer activity in colorectal cancer cell lines via the disruption of intracellular redox homeostasis and induction of apoptosis, suggesting the utility of FDNVs as a novel intervention for colorectal cancer patients.

Investigation of in-vitro Anti-Cancer and Apoptotic Potential of Garlic-Derived Nanovesicles against Prostate and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines

“…However nanovesicles showed lesser effect on normal HEK293 cell line, as it suggests that the nanovesicles may have selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells. These findings are consistent with previous studies by Q. Chen et al [ 17 ] and Wongkaewkhiaw et al [ 41 ].…”

Plant-derived nanovesicles: Current understanding and applications for cancer therapy

“…Fingerroot vesicles were selectively taken up by colorectal cancer cells (HT-29 and HCT116) but not by normal colon epithelial cells. These vesicles disrupt intracellular redox homeostasis and induce apoptosis in cancerous cells [ 51 ]. Nanoparticles from Aloe vera loaded with indocyanine green (ICG) showed greater stability and inhibition of melanoma growth via phototherapy than free ICG and ICG liposomes.…”

Nanoscale Phytosomes as an Emerging Modality for Cancer Therapy

“…Phytosomes isolated from fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.) demonstrated an apoptotic effect on colorectal cancer cells in vitro while showing no adverse effects on normal colon epithelial cells [54]. At a concentration of 50 µg/mL, these phytosomes induced toxicity after 24 h of incubation with cancer cells, but had no visible effect on normal colon epithelial cells.…”

“…At a concentration of 50 µg/mL, these phytosomes induced toxicity after 24 h of incubation with cancer cells, but had no visible effect on normal colon epithelial cells. Phytosome uptake was shown to upregulate the pro-apoptotic genes encoding caspase 3, caspase 9, Bax and Bcl-2 and was strongly correlated with the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death [54]. Phytosome internalization is suggested to partly involve the caveolae-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis pathways.…”