Induced pluripotent stem cells in medicine and biology

Abstract

Differentiated cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency and other cell fates by treatment with defined factors. The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has opened up unprecedented opportunities in the pharmaceutical industry, in the clinic and in laboratories. In particular, the medical applications of human iPSCs in disease modeling and stem cell therapy have been progressing rapidly. The ability to induce cell fate conversion is attractive not only for these applications, but also for basic research fields, such as development, cancer, epigenetics and aging.

Large-scale generation of human iPSC-derived neural stem cells/early neural progenitor cells and their neuronal differentiation

“…Human embryonic stem (hES) cells and human iPSCs 1 have revolutionized such research, as they can be differentiated into neurons in vitro from specific individuals [2][3][4] , potentially enabling personalized medicine by overriding the problems of allogenic recognition. Compelling evidence now indicates that iPSC-based models can be used to model selected aspects of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.…”

The p53-induced lincRNA-p21 derails somatic cell reprogramming by sustaining H3K9me3 and CpG methylation at pluripotency gene promoters

“…Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have major implications for regenerative medicine, in vitro disease modeling and toxicology screening [1]. Yet, to fulfill npg www.cell-research.com | Cell Research these expectations, it is necessary to understand how the reprogramming machinery erases and rewrites the somatic epigenetic code.…”

Применение Плюрипотентных Стволовых Клеток В Медицине

“…Since it is too expensive and time-taking to generate hiPSCs for only one patient, it is widely accepted that, similar to hESCs, future iPSCbased therapies are going to rely on collection of hiPSC line banks for allotransplantations. Nobel Prize winning Laureate Prof Yamanaka has acknowledged that [19]. Nevertheless, the Gurdon's experiments suggest that it is possible to reprogram somatic cells into genetically and epigenetically normal pluripotent stem cells.…”

“…There is a wide consensus among stem cell scientists that future treatments involving pluripotent cells will rely on banks of hPSC lines that HLA-match a target population [45,19]. To achieve an essential level of immunocompatibility, HLAs of transplanted cells should match HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and HLA-DR loci of a recipient individual.…”