Indoor Air Quality: Assessment of Particulate Matter and Non-Cancerous Inhalation Health Risk in Nigeria

Abulude, Francis Olawale; Oluwagbayide, Samuel Dare; Akinnusotu, Akinyinka; Arifalo, Kikelomo Mabinuola; Acha, Sunday; Kenni, Amoke M.; Adamu, Ademola

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4462384

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“…Lower levels suggest relatively better air quality, but continued monitoring is necessary to ensure sustained improvements. The implications include the need for regulatory measures, pollution source identification, and public awareness campaigns to mitigate health risks associated with poor air quality [28][29][30][31][32][33]. High PM 10 (85.21 µg/m 3 ) levels in Arakale inform of elevated air pollution.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Assessment of Particulate Matter in Five Health Centers in Akure, Nigeria

Abulude,

Oluwagbayide,

Akinnusotu

et al. 2024

Pollutants

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This study presents a comprehensive assessment of indoor particulate matter (PM) concentrations, focusing on PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 in five primary health centers (PHCs): Arakale (Urban), the Federal College of Agriculture (FECA) (Urban), Iju (semi-urban), Oba-Ile (semi-urban), and Owode (Rural) within Akure local government areas in Nigeria. The primary novelty of this research lies in its detailed exploration of the toxicity potential of these PM fractions, providing valuable insights into the local air quality and associated health risks. This study assesses the health implications by calculating the toxicity potential (TP), relative risk (RR), excess risk (ER), and attributable fractions (Afs) for cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality. The results reveal varying RR values for all-cause mortality, with Arakale showing a slight elevation (RR: 1.061), indicating potential health risks. ER values for cardiopulmonary mortality range from 14.728 ± 7.25 to 19.04 ± 0.38, emphasizing the substantial excess risk associated with long-term PM2.5 exposure. The study also uncovers Afs for cardiopulmonary mortality ranging between 11.03 ± 0.31 and 19.22 ± 0.04, underscoring the significant contribution of PM to cardiovascular and respiratory health risks. Similarly, Afs for lung cancer mortality range from 10.03 ± 0.012 to 17.13 ± 0.10, highlighting the substantial association between PM2.5 exposure and lung cancer risk. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted air quality management strategies and public health interventions in the studied locations to mitigate the heightened health risks associated with particulate matter pollution. The calculated RR, ER, and AF values offer crucial insights into the complex relationship between PM exposure and adverse health outcomes, providing a foundation for informed decision-making and future research endeavors.

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