Indonesian's Pillars Democracy: How This Country Survives

Abstract

THE Book Constitutional Law and Pillars of Democracy written by Jimly Asshiddiqie in Chapter I provided some ideas of Jimly concerning to the Constitutional Law and Local Autonomy. First important thing that discussed by Jimly namely the establishment of law and it making process. Jimly limits the chapter with the limitation of legal definition into four groups:(1) The State's Law; (2) The People's Law; (3) The Professor's Law; and (4) The Professional's Law.The State's Law group composed of three institutions such as government, parliament and the courts. Group of the People's Law there are various institutions including indigenous institutions, legal institutions and in practice, as well as legal research institutions and universities. Then related to the process of law in accordance with the Constitution of 1945, there are five processes including (1) establishment of the laws; (2) establishment of legal jurisprudence; (3) the formation of customary law; (4) establishment of 'volunteer' law ; and (5) establishment of legal studies doctrine.Secondly, Jimly discussed oh his book, about parliamentary structure as well as bicameral system. Jimly declared that at the previous time, Indonesia adopted monokameral on parliamentary system. Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR at the time become the highest organ or institution that has unlimited powers, so that the Assembly can form the Constitution and the State Policy as well as oversees the Parliament and the President. Indonesia officially adopted parliamentary structures bicameral or twochamber system after Indonesia became a union under the Constitution of RIS on 1949. Amendment of Constitution 1945 has brought a fundamental change that is by the alternation of power distribution be separation of power. Amendment of Constitution 1945 has also given the widest local autonomy to the Regional. Amendment of Constitution 1945 initiated the election of president and vice president directly as well as the establishment of the Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or DPD.After their amendment of Constitution 1945 parliamentary system in Indonesia according to Jimly Asshiddiqie consists of two rooms or bicameral that is DPR and DPD. The MPR into the parliament house that is the same position with the DPR and DPD. So later if there is a third amendment to the Constitution 1945 Jimly Asshiddiqie suggested that the legislative powers of the Assembly carried be composed of DPR and DPD. Asshiddiqie also suggested that DPD members are elected directly by the pure district system is winner takes all. The legislature is elected using proportional system are also useful for strengthening the institutional political parties. For areas not using bicameral except certain areas that are set to be the special autonomous regions.

Pengawasan Pemilihan Umum di Era Post-Truth: Problem, Tantangan, dan Strategi

“…satu penegakan hukum Pemilu yang tegas adalah dengan melakukan pengawasan Pemilu secara benar, tepat, dan tegas. Perlu ada strategi untuk melakukan pengawasan Pemilu yang seperti itu (Diniyanto, 2016;Diniyanto, Hartono, & Suhendar, 2021;Diniyanto, Muhtada, & Sofanudin, 2021;Muhtada & Diniyanto, 2018).…”

Penerapan Nilai Normatif, Nilai Nominal Dan Nilai Semantik Dalam Mengatur Hak Dan Kewajiban Warga Negara Yang Diatur Dalam Uud 1945

“…Nilai Nominal pada hak dan kewajiban warga negara menekankan pada pentingnya melakukan suatu hak dan kewajiban dengan fungsinya yang jelas sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Misalnya, warga harus membayar pajak dan mendapatkan hak untuk berpartisipasi dalam pemilu demokratis (Diniyanto, 2016).…”

“…Generasi berikutnya membawa konsep baru tentang HAM, yang mencakup pemahaman hak atas pembangunan. Generasi keempat mendesak bahwa masalah HAM tidak terbatas pada hubungan kekuasaan secara vertikal, melainkan juga secara horizontal, antara masyarakat, manusia atau kelompok masyarakat, bahkan antara satu kelompok masyarakat di suatu negara dengan yang lain di negara lain (Diniyanto, 2016). Dari uraian di atas, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan nilai normatif, nilai nominal dan nilai semantik seperti yang diatur dalam UUD 1945 sangat penting untuk mengatur hak dan kewajiban warga negara agar tercipta tatanan masyarakat yang adil dan teratur.…”

Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat pada Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Tahun 2019

“…Artinya demokrasi juga dapat dijadikan tolak ukur seberapa jauh negara tersebut berpihak kepada rakyatnya. Partisipasi rakyat yang sangat berpengaruh dalam kehidupan berdemokrasi pun dapat kita lihat langsung dari praktiknya secara langsung yaitu dengan pemilihan umum (Diniyanto, 2016(Diniyanto, , 2019aMuhtada & Diniyanto, 2018;Nasution, 2011).…”