Indocyanine Green-Loaded Silver Nanoparticle@Polyaniline Core/Shell Theranostic Nanocomposites for Photoacoustic/Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging-Guided and Single-Light-Triggered Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract

Photoacoustic (PA)/near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) dual-modal imaging-guided phototherapy has been wide explored very recently. However, the development of high-efficiency and simplified-performed theranostic system for amplifying imaging-guided photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT) is still a great challenge. Herein, a single-light-triggered indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded PEGylation silver nanoparticle core/polyaniline shell (Ag@PANI) nanocomposites (ICG-Ag@PANI) for PA/NIRF imaging-guided enhanced PTT/PDT synergistic effect has been successfully constructed. In this study, the synthesized Ag@PANI nanocomposites are utilized not only as the promising photothermal agent but also as potential nanovehicles for loading photosensitizer ICG via π-π stacking and hydrophobic interaction. The as-prepared ICG-Ag@PANI possesses many superior properties such as strong optical absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region, enhanced photostability of ICG, as well as outstanding NIR laser-induced local hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In the in vivo study, PA/NIRF dual-modal imaging confirms the accumulation and distribution of ICG-Ag@PANI in the tumor region via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Moreover, the PTT effect of ICG-Ag@PANI rapidly raised the tumor temperature to 56.8 °C within 5 min. It is also demonstrated that the cytotoxic ROS generation ability of ICG is well maintained after being loaded onto Ag@PANI nanocomposites. Remarkably, in comparison with PTT or PDT alone, the single 808 nm NIR laser-triggered combined PTT/PDT therapy exhibits enhanced HeLa cells lethality in vitro and tumor growth inhibition in vivo.

ICG‐Conjugated and 125I‐Labeled Polymeric Micelles with High Biosafety for Multimodality Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Therapy of Tumors

“…At 760 nm optical excitation, both free ICG and PEG‐PTyr( 125 I)‐ICG PMs exhibited a maximum fluorescence emission peak near 810 nm. However, the fluorescence intensity of the micelles showed a remarkable decrease, suggesting that the fluorescence of ICG was partly self‐quenched because of the interactions between ICG molecules . These optical experiment results clearly indicated that ICG could maintain its optical properties after assembly into the micelles.…”

“…As shown in the inserted photograph of Figure 2G, after irradiation, the green color of the PEG‐PTyr( 125 I)‐ICG PM solution was deeper than that of the free ICG solution. These results clearly proved that the photostability of ICG was significantly improved after assembling into the micelles, which was in line with the previous studies …”

Core–Shell Bi2Se3@mSiO2‐PEG as a Multifunctional Drug‐Delivery Nanoplatform for Synergistic Thermo‐Chemotherapy with Infrared Thermal Imaging of Cancer Cells

“…We then investigated the photothermal conversion capability of the Bi 2 Se 3 @mSiO 2 ‐PEG NPs by monitoring the temperature rise of the NPs dispersions at gradient concentrations (from 0–400 µg mL −1 ) upon the 808 nm laser irradiation (2.0 W cm −2 ) via a thermocouple probe. The 808 nm laser is the most commonly used NIR‐light source for PTT, mainly due to its large absorption coefficient and deep tissue penetration . As shown in Figure B, significant irradiation time‐ and concentration‐dependent photothermal effect of the Bi 2 Se 3 @mSiO 2 ‐PEG NPs was observed.…”

Beyond Phototherapy: Recent Advances in Multifunctional Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Light‐Triggered Tumor Theranostics

“…Therefore, some composite systems have been designed to deliver PTT/PDT under a single irradiation, including all‐organic nanocomposites, such as ICG‐loaded Prussian Blue NPs, perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB)‐ICG coloaded micelles (where PFOB can enhance PDT efficiency by modulating tumor hypoxia), and ROS‐generating polymers loaded with dyes, as well as several hybrid organic–inorganic nanostructures. These typically rely on ICG to provide fluorescence contrast and PDT, while the inorganic part of the nanocomposite (Ag, CuS, graphene oxide) enhances the photothermal effect …”