Indocyanine Green Angiography Findings in Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome

Bissig, A.; Balaskas, Konstantinos; Vaudaux, Jean D.; Guex-Crosier, Y.

doi:10.1055/s-0031-1273227

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Bissig et al . [ 11 ] have studied ICG in four retinitis patients and found patches of choroidal hypofluorescence in areas corresponding to the necrotic retina. Persistent hypofluorescence of choroidal lesions on ICG confirmed the presence of active choroiditis in another report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal lesions in varicella zoster virus uveitis

Kawali

Khanum

Mahendradas

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To evaluate choroidal lesions with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scan in varicella zoster virus (VZV) uveitis. Methods: VZV-uveitis cases which underwent OCT scan for choroidal lesions were studied. SD-OCT scan passing through these lesions was studied in detail. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) during active and resolved stages was studied. Angiogaphic features were studied where available. Results: Thirteen out of 15 cases had same-sided herpes zoster ophthalmicus skin rashes. All except three patients had old or active kerato-uveitis. All eyes demonstrated clear vitreous and a single or multiple hypopigmented orangish-yellow choroidal lesions. The number of lesions remained unchanged during the follow-up on clinical examination. SD-OCT over lesions ( n = 11) showed choroidal thinning ( n = 5), hyporeflective choroidal elevation during active inflammation ( n = 3), transmission effects ( n = 4), and ellipsoid zone disruption ( n = 7). The mean change in SFCT ( n = 9) after resolution of the inflammation was 26.3 μm (range: 3–90 μm). Fundus fluorescein angiography showed iso-fluorescence over lesions in all ( n = 5), but indocyanine green angiography ( n = 3) showed hypofluorescence at lesions. Mean follow-up was 1.38 years (range: 3 months–7 years). De-novo appearance of choroidal lesion during the first relapse of VZV-uveitis was captured in one case. Conclusion: VZV-uveitis can cause focal or multifocal hypopigmented choroidal lesions with thickening or scarring of choroidal tissue, depending on the disease activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal lesions in varicella zoster virus uveitis

Kawali

Khanum

Mahendradas

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Optic disc leakage and occlusive vasculitis may be evident on FFA, as well as complications such as cystoid macular oedema and neovascularisation . ICG demonstrates choroidal hypoperfusion and infiltration corresponding to the foci of retinitis and can highlight subclinical vasculitis and segmental vascular filling defects . Choroidal involvement in severe ARN is supported by histopathology .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…43,45 ICG demonstrates choroidal hypoperfusion and infiltration corresponding to the foci of retinitis and can highlight subclinical vasculitis and segmental vascular filling defects. 46 Choroidal involvement in severe ARN is supported by histopathology. 9 FAF can be helpful for monitoring and identification of early reactivation.…”

Section: Acute Retinal Necrosismentioning

confidence: 97%

Viral retinitis: diagnosis and management in the era of biologic immunosuppression: A review

Lightman

Tomkins-Netzer

2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Necrotising retinitis is a rare ocular infection that historically led to high rates of visual morbidity. While acute retinal necrosis occurs in immunocompetent patients, the majority of cases are associated with immunocompromise such as in cytomegalovirus retinitis and progressive outer retinal necrosis. This review summarises the clinical and diagnostic features, management, and outcomes of herpetic retinitis. Iatrogenic immunosuppression is increasingly being utilised for a wide range of indications, and biologic agents especially so due to their targeted nature. While the intended actions are well‐studied, the flow‐on effects and complex interaction with host immunity are not well understood. Furthermore, biologics are frequently used concomitantly with other immunosuppressive agents, potentiating the immunodepression. This article reviews the literature on biologic immunosuppression and viral retinitis, and presents an approach to the vulnerable or affected patient. Early identification, prompt and aggressive treatment, and a multidisciplinary approach to managing immunodeficiency are the cornerstones of management.

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