Individualized dietary intervention and hospitalized patients, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is first to examine whether standard hospital food met patients' requirements and second, to evaluate the effect of individualized dietary intervention on weight, BMI and body composition of the patients.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 69 patients (37 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group) were randomly selected. Weight, height and body composition measurements were performed in both groups within 24 h after admission and at discharge. In the intervention group, encouraging with eating and drinking, replacing missed meals with supplements or enteral nutrition were used as strategies to improve dietary intake. Frequency, chi‐square, Wilcoxon and paired t‐test were used to analyze data.FindingsBefore intervention daily energy and protein intake were significantly lower than required amounts in both groups. After intervention energy intake met requirements in the intervention group while it was still less than requirements in the control group. Protein intake met requirements in both groups. There were no significant changes in body weight, BMI and body composition in the intervention group during hospitalization but in the control group weight, BMI and body protein decreased significantly.Originality/valueThis paper shows the importance of individualized dietary intervention to prevent weight and body protein loss of patients during hospitalization.