Individual Supramolecular Host−Guest Interactions Studied by Dynamic Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy

Schönherr, Holger; Beulen, Marcel W. J.; Bügler, Jürgen; Huskens, Jurriaan; Veggel, Frank C. J. M. van; Reinhoudt, and David N.; Vancso, Gyula J.

doi:10.1021/ja994040i

Cited by 181 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…48. The dependence of the bond-rupture force on the loading/unloading rate has been studied in a number of works [673,1132,1133]. Lo et al [1134] have studied this dependence with biotin-streptavidin, taking advantage of the Poisson statistic method illustrated in Section 5, and have shown that the bond strength depends linearly on the logarithm of the loading rate (see Eq.…”

Section: Rupture Force Of Specific Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Butt

Cappella

Kappl

2005

Surface Science Reports

3,151

2,949

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Section: Rupture Force Of Specific Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Butt

Cappella

Kappl

2005

Surface Science Reports

3,151

2,949

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“…Histograms were prepared by using OriginPro (OriginLab). Peaks were fitted by using autocorrelation analysis (45) or a Lorentzian function (see SI Text for further discussion). Each histogram was the result of at least 100 separate force measurements.…”

Section: Materials Oligonucleotidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A polycatenated DNA scaffold for the one-step assembly of hierarchical nanostructures

Weizmann

Braunschweig

Wilner

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A unique DNA scaffold was prepared for the one-step self-assembly of hierarchical nanostructures onto which multiple proteins or nanoparticles are positioned on a single template with precise relative spatial orientation. The architecture is a topologically complex ladder-shaped polycatenane in which the ''rungs'' of the ladder are used to bring together the individual rings of the mechanically interlocked structure, and the ''rails'' are available for hierarchical assembly, whose effectiveness has been demonstrated with proteins, complementary DNA, and gold nanoparticles. The ability of this template to form from linear monomers and simultaneously bind two proteins was demonstrated by chemical force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Finally, fluorescence resonance energy transfer between adjacent fluorophores confirmed the programmed spatial arrangement between two different nanomaterials. DNA templates that bring together multiple nanostructures with precise spatial control have applications in catalysis, biosensing, and nanomaterials design.chemical force microscopy ͉ proteins ͉ wires ͉ nanoparticle ͉ catenane V ersatile scaffolds for the immobilization of proteins and other nanosized objects are targets of intensive research in the broader field of nanotechnology because of their potential applications (1) in the areas of catalysis, biosensing, and nanomaterials. In nature, complex catalytic cascades, such as the Krebs cycle (2), photosynthesis (3), or glycolysis (4), involve multiple proteins assembled with exact relative spatial orientations to facilitate cooperative binding, to facilitate electron or energy transfer, and to optimize substrate conversion. Enzymatic cascades that are used industrially (5-7) could also benefit from such closely arranged proteins if a template with the ability to fix precisely various proteins were available. Although functional synthetic polymers (8) are potential matrices for forming useful scaffolds, this approach is limited by polymer compatibility with biomolecules and the flexibility of the polymerization protocol to synthesize macromolecules that controllably bind multiple proteins. DNA, however, is a robust biopolymer that, through Watson-Crick base pairing and the multitude of sequences that can be formulated, might yield self-assembled protein scaffolds. Indeed, DNA has been used for the organization of proteins (9, 10) and elegant, topologically complex 3D architectures, such as Borromean rings (11), nanotubes (12), [2]catenanes (13), 2D tilings (14-18), and chains (19), onto which nanoparticles (20-28) and proteins (19,20,(29)(30)(31)(32) have been tethered by using complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), biotin-streptavidin interactions, or gold-thiol bonds. These studies, however, have been limited to the immobilization of a single biomolecule or nanoparticle onto the scaffold or require multistep protocols to organize more than one nanomaterial onto the template. Results and DiscussionsIn this report, we desc...

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“…20,23,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]37,38 We have evaluated the single force for specific hydrogen bonding between the phenylurea and carboxyl groups by a statistical method using autocorrelation analysis of the values of the adhesion force. In this analysis, an autocorrelation function is computed for the histogram data of the observed pull-off forces.…”

Section: Single Force Of Hydrogen Bonding On Mixed Mha/ht Sams (Cooh/mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this analysis, an autocorrelation function is computed for the histogram data of the observed pull-off forces. 20,31 Then, the single force can be evaluated from the period of the calculated autocorrelation function. Figure 5 gives examples of the autocorrelation functions for repetitive measurements of the adhesion forces between the PhUET-tip and MHA/HT binary mixed SAMs prepared by the SAM coating solution at MHA mole fractions of 0.3 and 0.8.…”

Section: Single Force Of Hydrogen Bonding On Mixed Mha/ht Sams (Cooh/mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]36 Furthermore, the individual force for a variety of intermolecular forces at a single-molecule level can also be evaluated by statistical analyses of the forces obtained by repetitive adhesion force measurements. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]37,38 In our previous studies, we measured specific intermolecular forces attributable to the characteristic molecular functionalities of the functional molecules, such as crown ether 36,37 and spirobenzopyran 38 derivatives, attached covalently on the probe tips. These functionalized AFM probe tips, which possess a powerful capability of detecting supramolecular interactions, can be potentially utilized for developing a novel analytical tool for surface analysis based on force sensing by AFM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Intramonolayer Hydrogen Bonding of Carboxyl Groups in Self-assembled Monolayers on a Single Force with Phenylurea on an AFM Probe Tip

2006

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IntroductionDuring the recent decade, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has attracted much attention as a promising analytical tool for precisely measuring intermolecular forces.1-5 AFM can be used to detect the force between its probe tip and substrate surfaces, even at the pN level. It is thus of great importance that there is almost no limitation of the environment and conditions where the AFM force measurements are carried out. Thus, if the AFM probe tip and the substrate are modified chemically with selfassembled monolayers (SAMs) 6,7 terminating with target functional groups, the intermolecular force in their molecular pairs can be evaluated by force-curve measurements in appropriate solvents by AFM. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]36 Furthermore, the individual force for a variety of intermolecular forces at a single-molecule level can also be evaluated by statistical analyses of the forces obtained by repetitive adhesion force measurements. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]37,38 In our previous studies, we measured specific intermolecular forces attributable to the characteristic molecular functionalities of the functional molecules, such as crown ether 36,37 and spirobenzopyran 38 derivatives, attached covalently on the probe tips. These functionalized AFM probe tips, which possess a powerful capability of detecting supramolecular interactions, can be potentially utilized for developing a novel analytical tool for surface analysis based on force sensing by AFM.In such AFM force measurements, SAMs are often used for conveniently established covalent bonding of the target molecules onto the surfaces of the tip and substrate. Then, the intramonolayer interaction between the components in the SAMs can be expected to affect the force observed by the AFM technique. In other words, the AFM technique could detect such effects as the intramonolayer interaction on the interaction between the tip and the substrate. Intramonolayer hydrogen bonding is crucial in the SAMs of thiols or silanes bearing a terminal functional group, which can form hydrogen bondings between themselves. For example, terminal carboxyl groups in the SAMs of ω-carboxyalkanethiol can easily form hydrogen bonding within the monolayers. 39-42The COOH-terminated SAMs, such as thiol and silane, have been analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy. 44 Especially, in the case of COOH-terminated SAMs, the effect of the intramonolayer hydrogen bonding between the neighboring carboxyl groups in the SAMs had been considered with respect to their surface property, such as wettability 45 and surface acidity (pKa) of the carboxyl groups. [41][42][43] In the present paper, we report an AFM force spectroscopic study concerning the effect of intramonolayer hydrogen bonding in COOH-terminated SAMs of 6-mercaptohexanoic acid (MHA) on the adhesion force observed between a SAM of MHA and a phenylurea derivative attached to the substrate and probe tip, respectively.Urea derivatives have a powerful ability to form hydrogen bondings, sin...

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Individual Supramolecular Host−Guest Interactions Studied by Dynamic Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy

Cited by 181 publications

References 25 publications

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

A polycatenated DNA scaffold for the one-step assembly of hierarchical nanostructures

Effect of Intramonolayer Hydrogen Bonding of Carboxyl Groups in Self-assembled Monolayers on a Single Force with Phenylurea on an AFM Probe Tip

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