We develop a conceptual framework regarding the perceptual transfer of haptic or touch-related characteristics from product containers to judgments of the products themselves. Thus, the firmness of a cup in which water is served may affect consumers' judgments of the water itself. This framework predicts that not all consumers are equally affected by such nondiagnostic haptic cues. Results from four studies show that consumers high in the autotelic need for touch (general liking for haptic input) are less affected by such nondiagnostic haptic cues compared to consumers low in the autotelic need for touch. The research has many implications for product and package design. D oes food served on a paper plate taste worse than the same food served on a china plate? Does mineral water served in a flimsy cup taste worse than the same water served in a firmer cup? Although the paper plate and flimsy cup may be less aesthetically appealing to a consumer, rationally speaking, the product containers should not affect the actual quality or taste of the products within those containers. Nevertheless, in this article we develop a conceptual framework that posits that haptic or touch-related characteristics of product containers may indeed be transferred to the products contained therein through consumer inferences and evaluations. This framework also predicts that not all consumers are equally affected by such irrelevant or nondiagnostic haptic cues from product containers. Rather, we propose that haptically oriented individuals, or those who tend to enjoy touching products, will be less affected by such cues because of their heightened awareness of and ability to correct for the potential impact of such cues.Prior research has shown that the mere act of interpersonal touching affects behavioral compliance and reciprocation in many consumer contexts. For instance, Crusco and Wetzel *Aradhna Krishna is the Isadore and Leon Winkelman Professor of Marketing at the Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, 701 Tappan Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1234 (aradhna@umich.edu). Maureen Morrin is associate professor of marketing, Rutgers University, 227 Penn Street, Camden, NJ 08102 (mmorrin@rutgers.edu). Author names are in alphabetical order. Correspondence: Aradhna Krishna. The authors would like to thank Fengxia Fang, May Lwin, and Catherine Yeung for their help in data collection, and Julie Ruth for her many helpful suggestions on earlier drafts. Much of the work for this article was done while the first author was visiting the National University of Singapore.
John Deighton served as editor and Laura Peracchio served as associate editor for this article.Electronically published October 17, 2007October 17, (1984 showed that being touched by a waiter in a restaurant increases tips. Hornik (1992) showed that consumers touched by a requester (to taste a new snack in a supermarket) tend to comply more than customers in a no-touch situation. In a similar vein, Hornik and Ellis (1988) showed that interpersonal touch increases s...